This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Lees-Miller, S P Articles by Anderson, C W Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Lees-Miller, S P Articles by Anderson, C W

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Mol Cell Biol. 1990 December; 10(12): 6472-6481

Human cells contain a DNA-activated protein kinase that phosphorylates simian virus 40 T antigen, mouse p53, and the human Ku autoantigen.

Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.

ABSTRACT

HeLa cells contain a serine/threonine protein kinase (DNA-PK) that is strongly activated in vitro by low concentrations of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Activation was specific for dsDNA; both natural DNAs and synthetic oligonucleotides functioned as kinase activators. The fact that DNA-PK activity was rapidly inhibited by incubation with dsDNA and ATP suggests that DNA-PK activity also may be regulated by autophosphorylation. During gel filtration, DNA-PK activity behaved as a 350-kDa protein, and highly purified DNA-PK contained a dsDNA-binding, 350-kDa polypeptide that was phosphorylated in a dsDNA-dependent manner. We conclude that this 350-kDa polypeptide is likely to be DNA-PK. Previously we showed that the dsDNA-activated kinase phosphorylates two threonines at the N terminus of hsp90 alpha (S. P. Lees-Miller and C. W. Anderson, J. Biol. Chem. 264:17275-17280, 1989). Here we show that DNA-PK also phosphorylates the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen, the mouse tumor-suppressor protein p53, the human Ku autoantigen, and two unidentified HeLa DNA-associated polypeptides of 52 and 110 kDa. Identification of these and other newly identified DNA-binding substrates suggest that the dsDNA-activated kinase may regulate transcription, DNA replication, or cell growth.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Pawelczak, K. S., Turchi, J. J. (2008). A mechanism for DNA-PK activation requiring unique contributions from each strand of a DNA terminus and implications for microhomology-mediated nonhomologous DNA end joining. Nucleic Acids Res 36: 4022-4031 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Boehme, K. A., Kulikov, R., Blattner, C. (2008). p53 stabilization in response to DNA damage requires Akt/PKB and DNA-PK. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 7785-7790 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tu, L. C., Yan, X., Hood, L., Lin, B. (2007). Proteomics Analysis of the Interactome of N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 and Its Interactions with the Androgen Response Program in Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6: 575-588 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ishiguro, A., Ideta, M., Mikoshiba, K., Chen, D. J., Aruga, J. (2007). ZIC2-dependent Transcriptional Regulation Is Mediated by DNA-dependent Protein Kinase, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase, and RNA Helicase A. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 9983-9995 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Deriano, L., Guipaud, O., Merle-Beral, H., Binet, J.-L., Ricoul, M., Potocki-Veronese, G., Favaudon, V., Maciorowski, Z., Muller, C., Salles, B., Sabatier, L., Delic, J. (2005). Human chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells can escape DNA damage-induced apoptosis through the nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair pathway. Blood 105: 4776-4783 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dip, R., Naegeli, H. (2005). More than just strand breaks: the recognition of structural DNA discontinuities by DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit. FASEB J. 19: 704-715 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mayeur, G. L., Kung, W.-J., Martinez, A., Izumiya, C., Chen, D. J., Kung, H.-J. (2005). Ku Is a Novel Transcriptional Recycling Coactivator of the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 10827-10833 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Drouet, J., Delteil, C., Lefrancois, J., Concannon, P., Salles, B., Calsou, P. (2005). DNA-dependent Protein Kinase and XRCC4-DNA Ligase IV Mobilization in the Cell in Response to DNA Double Strand Breaks. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 7060-7069 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Audebert, M., Salles, B., Calsou, P. (2004). Involvement of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 and XRCC1/DNA Ligase III in an Alternative Route for DNA Double-strand Breaks Rejoining. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 55117-55126 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beneke, S., Burkle, A. (2004). Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation, PARP, and Aging. Sci Aging Knowl Environ 2004: re9-re9 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feng, J., Park, J., Cron, P., Hess, D., Hemmings, B. A. (2004). Identification of a PKB/Akt Hydrophobic Motif Ser-473 Kinase as DNA-dependent Protein Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 41189-41196 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Block, W. D., Yu, Y., Merkle, D., Gifford, J. L., Ding, Q., Meek, K., Lees-Miller, S. P. (2004). Autophosphorylation-dependent remodeling of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit regulates ligation of DNA ends. Nucleic Acids Res 32: 4351-4357 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wechsler, T., Chen, B. P. C., Harper, R., Morotomi-Yano, K., Huang, B. C. B., Meek, K., Cleaver, J. E., Chen, D. J., Wabl, M. (2004). DNA-PKcs function regulated specifically by protein phosphatase 5. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 1247-1252 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Perry, M. E. (2004). Mdm2 in the Response to Radiation. Mol Cancer Res 2: 9-19 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kashishian, A., Douangpanya, H., Clark, D., Schlachter, S. T., Eary, C. T., Schiro, J. G., Huang, H., Burgess, L. E., Kesicki, E. A., Halbrook, J. (2003). DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibitors as drug candidates for the treatment of cancer. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2: 1257-1264 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vinson, R. K., Hales, B. F. (2003). Genotoxic Stress Response Gene Expression in the Mid-Organogenesis Rat Conceptus. Toxicol Sci 74: 157-164 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, G. C., He, F., Shao, X., Urano, M., Shen, L., Kim, D., Borrelli, M., Leibel, S. A., Gutin, P. H., Ling, C. C. (2003). Adenovirus-mediated Heat-activated Antisense Ku70 Expression Radiosensitizes Tumor Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. Cancer Res. 63: 3268-3274 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schedlich, L. J., Nilsen, T., John, A. P., Jans, D. A., Baxter, R. C. (2003). Phosphorylation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 by Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Dependent Protein Kinase Reduces Ligand Binding and Enhances Nuclear Accumulation. Endocrinology 144: 1984-1993 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kozlov, S., Gueven, N., Keating, K., Ramsay, J., Lavin, M. F. (2003). ATP Activates Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) in Vitro. IMPORTANCE OF AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 9309-9317 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bosma, G. C., Kim, J., Urich, T., Fath, D. M., Cotticelli, M. G., Ruetsch, N. R., Radic, M. Z., Bosma, M. J. (2002). DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Activity Is Not Required for Immunoglobulin Class Switching. J. Exp. Med. 196: 1483-1495 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Noguchi, T., Shibata, T., Fumoto, S., Uchida, Y., Mueller, W., Takeno, S. (2002). DNA-PKcs Expression in Esophageal Cancer as a Predictor for Chemoradiation Therapeutic Sensitivity. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 9: 1017-1022 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kim, C.-H., Park, S.-J., Lee, S.-H. (2002). A Targeted Inhibition of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells Following Ionizing Radiation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 303: 753-759 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Belenkov, A. I., Paiement, J.-P., Panasci, L. C., Monia, B. P., Chow, T. Y. K. (2002). An Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeted to Human Ku86 Messenger RNA Sensitizes M059K Malignant Glioma Cells to Ionizing Radiation, Bleomycin, and Etoposide but not DNA Cross-Linking Agents. Cancer Res. 62: 5888-5896 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mauldin, S. K., Getts, R. C., Liu, W., Stamato, T. D. (2002). DNA-PK-dependent binding of DNA ends to plasmids containing nuclear matrix attachment region DNA sequences: evidence for assembly of a repair complex. Nucleic Acids Res 30: 4075-4087 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chan, D. W., Chen, B. P.-C., Prithivirajsingh, S., Kurimasa, A., Story, M. D., Qin, J., Chen, D. J. (2002). Autophosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is required for rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks. Genes Dev. 16: 2333-2338 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, B., Comai, L. (2002). Displacement of DNA-PKcs from DNA ends by the Werner syndrome protein. Nucleic Acids Res 30: 3653-3661 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jeanson, L., Mouscadet, J.-F. (2002). Ku Represses the HIV-1 Transcription. IDENTIFICATION OF A PUTATIVE Ku BINDING SITE HOMOLOGOUS TO THE MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS NRE1 SEQUENCE IN THE HIV-1 LONG TERMINAL REPEAT. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 4918-4924 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nakamura, H., Li, M., Zarycki, J., Jung, J. U. (2001). Inhibition of p53 Tumor Suppressor by Viral Interferon Regulatory Factor. J. Virol. 75: 7572-7582 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Frasca, D., Barattini, P., Tocchi, G., Guidi, L., Pierelli, L., Doria, G. (2001). Role of DNA-dependent protein kinase in recognition of radiation-induced DNA damage in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Int Immunol 13: 791-797 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Han, I., Harada, S., Weaver, D., Xue, Y., Lane, W., Orstavik, S., Skalhegg, B., Kieff, E. (2001). EBNA-LP Associates with Cellular Proteins Including DNA-PK and HA95. J. Virol. 75: 2475-2481 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Panasci, L., Paiement, J.-P., Christodoulopoulos, G., Belenkov, A., Malapetsa, A., Aloyz, R. (2001). Chlorambucil Drug Resistance in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: The Emerging Role of DNA Repair. Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 454-461 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tai, Y.-T., Teoh, G., Lin, B., Davies, F. E., Chauhan, D., Treon, S. P., Raje, N., Hideshima, T., Shima, Y., Podar, K., Anderson, K. C. (2000). Ku86 Variant Expression and Function in Multiple Myeloma Cells Is Associated with Increased Sensitivity to DNA Damage. J. Immunol. 165: 6347-6355 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fukumura, R., Araki, R., Fujimori, A., Tsutsumi, Y., Kurimasa, A., Li, G. C., Chen, D. J., Tatsumi, K., Abe, M. (2000). Signal Joint Formation Is Also Impaired in DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit Knockout Cells. J. Immunol. 165: 3883-3889 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chan, D. W., Son, S.-C., Block, W., Ye, R., Khanna, K. K., Wold, M. S., Douglas, P., Goodarzi, A. A., Pelley, J., Taya, Y., Lavin, M. F., Lees-Miller, S. P. (2000). Purification and Characterization of ATM from Human Placenta. A MANGANESE-DEPENDENT, WORTMANNIN-SENSITIVE SERINE/THREONINE PROTEIN KINASE. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 7803-7810 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, S., Guo, M., Ouyang, H., Li, X., Cordon-Cardo, C., Kurimasa, A., Chen, D. J., Fuks, Z., Ling, C. C., Li, G. C. (2000). The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase selectively regulates p53-dependent apoptosis but not cell-cycle arrest. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 1584-1588 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shieh, S.-Y., Ahn, J., Tamai, K., Taya, Y., Prives, C. (2000). The human homologs of checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Cds1 (Chk2) phosphorylate p53 at multiple DNA damage-inducible sites. Genes Dev. 14: 289-300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Park, J.-S., Park, S.-J., Peng, X., Wang, M., Yu, M.-A., Lee, S.-H. (1999). Involvement of DNA-dependent Protein Kinase in UV-induced Replication Arrest. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 32520-32527 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hsu, H.-L., Gilley, D., Blackburn, E. H., Chen, D. J. (1999). Ku is associated with the telomere in mammals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 12454-12458 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, Y., Zhou, X.-Y., Wang, H., Huq, M. S., Iliakis, G. (1999). Roles of Replication Protein A and DNA-dependent Protein Kinase in the Regulation of DNA Replication following DNA Damage. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 22060-22064 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kachnic, L. A., Wu, B., Wunsch, H., Mekeel, K. L., DeFrank, J. S., Tang, W., Powell, S. N. (1999). The Ability of p53 to Activate Downstream Genes p21WAF1/cip1 and MDM2, and Cell Cycle Arrest following DNA Damage Is Delayed and Attenuated in scid Cells Deficient in the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 13111-13117 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Smith, G. C.M., Jackson, S. P. (1999). The DNA-dependent protein kinase. Genes Dev. 13: 916-934 [Full Text]  
• Calsou, P., Frit, P., Humbert, O., Muller, C., Chen, D. J., Salles, B. (1999). The DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Activity Regulates DNA End Processing by Means of Ku Entry into DNA. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 7848-7856 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wu, X., Wilson, T. E., Lieber, M. R. (1999). A role for FEN-1 in nonhomologous DNA end joining: The order of strand annealing and nucleolytic processing events. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 1303-1308 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Koike, M, Awaji, T, Kataoka, M, Tsujimoto, G, Kartasova, T, Koike, A, Shiomi, T (1999). Differential subcellular localization of DNA-dependent protein kinase components Ku and DNA-PKcs during mitosis. J. Cell Sci. 112: 4031-4039 [Abstract]  
• Grandvaux, N, Grizot, S, Vignais, P., Dagher, M. (1999). The Ku70 autoantigen interacts with p40phox in B lymphocytes. J. Cell Sci. 112: 503-513 [Abstract]  
• Lambert, P. F., Kashanchi, F., Radonovich, M. F., Shiekhattar, R., Brady, J. N. (1998). Phosphorylation of p53 Serine 15 Increases Interaction with CBP. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 33048-33053 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bharti, A., Kraeft, S.-K., Gounder, M., Pandey, P., Jin, S., Yuan, Z.-M., Lees-Miller, S. P., Weichselbaum, R., Weaver, D., Chen, L. B., Kufe, D., Kharbanda, S. (1998). Inactivation of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase by Protein Kinase Cdelta : Implications for Apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 6719-6728 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kumar, S., Pandey, P., Bharti, A., Jin, S., Weichselbaum, R., Weaver, D., Kufe, D., Kharbanda, S. (1998). Regulation of DNA-dependent Protein Kinase by the Lyn Tyrosine Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 25654-25658 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Muñoz, P., Zdzienicka, M. Z., Blanchard, J.-M., Piette, J. (1998). Hypersensitivity of Ku-Deficient Cells toward the DNA Topoisomerase II Inhibitor ICRF-193 Suggests a Novel Role for Ku Antigen during the G2 and M Phases of the Cell Cycle. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 5797-5808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• West, R. B., Yaneva, M., Lieber, M. R. (1998). Productive and Nonproductive Complexes of Ku and DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase at DNA Termini. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 5908-5920 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Giaccia, A. J., Kastan, M. B. (1998). The complexity of p53 modulation: emerging patterns from divergent signals. Genes Dev. 12: 2973-2983 [Full Text]  
• Muller, C., Christodoulopoulos, G., Salles, B., Panasci, L. (1998). DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Activity Correlates With Clinical and In Vitro Sensitivity of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Lymphocytes to Nitrogen Mustards. Blood 92: 2213-2219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Liu, L., Kwak, Y.-T., Bex, F., García-Martínez, L. F., Li, X.-H., Meek, K., Lane, W. S., Gaynor, R. B. (1998). DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Phosphorylation of Ikappa Balpha and Ikappa Bbeta Regulates NF-kappa B DNA Binding Properties. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 4221-4234 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Trigon, S., Serizawa, H., Conaway, J. W., Conaway, R. C., Jackson, S. P., Morange, M. (1998). Characterization of the Residues Phosphorylated in Vitro by Different C-terminal Domain Kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 6769-6775 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Barlev, N. A., Poltoratsky, V., Owen-Hughes, T., Ying, C., Liu, L., L. Workman, J., Berger, S. L. (1998). Repression of GCN5 Histone Acetyltransferase Activity via Bromodomain-Mediated Binding and Phosphorylation by the Ku-DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 1349-1358 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yuan, Z.-M., Huang, Y., Ishiko, T., Nakada, S., Utsugisawa, T., Kharbanda, S., Wang, R., Sung, P., Shinohara, A., Weichselbaum, R., Kufe, D. (1998). Regulation of Rad51 Function by c-Abl in Response to DNA Damage. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 3799-3802 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ting, N. S. Y., Kao, P. N., Chan, D. W., Lintott, L. G., Lees-Miller, S. P. (1998). DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Interacts with Antigen Receptor Response Element Binding Proteins NF90 and NF45. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 2136-2145 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ochem, A. E., Skopac, D., Costa, M., Rabilloud, T., Vuillard, L., Simoncsits, A., Giacca, M., Falaschi, A. (1997). Functional Properties of the Separate Subunits of Human DNA Helicase II/Ku Autoantigen. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 29919-29926 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Osipovich, O., Durum, S. K., Muegge, K. (1997). Defining the Minimal Domain of Ku80 for Interaction with Ku70. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 27259-27265 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jin, S., Kharbanda, S., Mayer, B., Kufe, D., Weaver, D. T. (1997). Binding of Ku and c-Abl at the Kinase Homology Region of DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 24763-24766 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yuan, Z.-M., Utsugisawa, T., Huang, Y., Ishiko, T., Nakada, S., Kharbanda, S., Weichselbaum, R., Kufe, D. (1997). Inhibition of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase by c-Abl in the Genotoxic Stress Response. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 23485-23488 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zernik-Kobak, M., Vasunia, K., Connelly, M., Anderson, C. W., Dixon, K. (1997). Sites of UV-induced Phosphorylation of the p34 Subunit of Replication Protein A from HeLa Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 23896-23904 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Xiao, C.-Y., Hubner, S., Jans, D. A. (1997). SV40 Large Tumor Antigen Nuclear Import Is Regulated by the Double-stranded DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Site (Serine 120) Flanking the Nuclear Localization Sequence. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 22191-22198 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beall, E. L., Rio, D. C. (1997). Drosophila P-element transposase is a novel site-specific endonuclease. Genes Dev. 11: 2137-2151 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cary, R. B., Peterson, S. R., Wang, J., Bear, D. G., Bradbury, E. M., Chen, D. J. (1997). DNA looping by Ku and the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 4267-4272 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Peterson, S. R., Stackhouse, M., Waltman, M. J., Chen, F., Sato, K., Chen, D. J. (1997). Characterization of Two DNA Double-stranded Break Repair-deficient Cell Lines That Express Inactive DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 10227-10231 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fried, L. M., Koumenis, C., Peterson, S. R., Green, S. L., van Zijl, P., Allalunis-Turner, J., Chen, D. J., Fishel, R., Giaccia, A. J., Brown, J. M., Kirchgessner, C. U. (1996). The DNA damage response in DNA-dependent protein kinase-deficient SCID mouse cells: Replication protein A hyperphosphorylation and p53 induction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 13825-13830 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feldmann, H., Driller, L., Meier, B., Mages, G., Kellermann, J., Winnacker, E.-L. (1996). HDF2, the Second Subunit of the Ku Homologue from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 27765-27769 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Keegan, K S, Holtzman, D A, Plug, A W, Christenson, E R, Brainerd, E E, Flaggs, G, Bentley, N J, Taylor, E M, Meyn, M S, Moss, S B, Carr, A M, Ashley, T, Hoekstra, M F (1996). The Atr and Atm protein kinases associate with different sites along meiotically pairing chromosomes.. Genes Dev. 10: 2423-2437 [Abstract]  
• Guidos, C J, Williams, C J, Grandal, I, Knowles, G, Huang, M T, Danska, J S (1996). V(D)J recombination activates a p53-dependent DNA damage checkpoint in scid lymphocyte precursors.. Genes Dev. 10: 2038-2054 [Abstract]  
• Jacoby, D. B., Wensink, P. C. (1996). DNA Binding Specificities of YPF1, a Drosophila Homolog to the DNA Binding Subunit of Human DNA-dependent Protein Kinase, Ku. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 16827-16832 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Han, Z., Johnston, C., Reeves, W. H., Carter, T., Wyche, J. H., Hendrickson, E. A. (1996). Characterization of a Ku86 Variant Protein That Results in Altered DNA Binding and Diminished DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 14098-14104 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beall, E L, Rio, D C (1996). Drosophila IRBP/Ku p70 corresponds to the mutagen-sensitive mus309 gene and is involved in P-element excision in vivo.. Genes Dev. 10: 921-933 [Abstract]  
• Chan, D. W., Lees-Miller, S. P. (1996). The DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Is Inactivated by Autophosphorylation of the Catalytic Subunit. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 8936-8941 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kim, D., Ouyang, H., Yang, S.-H., Nussenzweig, A., Burgman, P., Li, G. C. (1995). A Constitutive Heat Shock Element-binding Factor Is Immunologically Identical to the Ku Autoantigen. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 15277-15284 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jessberger, R., Riwar, B., Rolink, A., Rodewald, H.-R. (1995). Stimulation of Defective DNA Transfer Activity in Recombination Deficient SCID Cell Extracts by a 72-kDa Protein from Wild-type Thymocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 6788-6797 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Milne, D. M., Campbell, L. E., Campbell, D. G., Meek, D. W. (1995). p53 Is Phosphorylated in Vitro and in Vivo by an Ultraviolet Radiation-induced Protein Kinase Characteristic of the c-Jun Kinase, JNK1. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 5511-5518 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kirchgessner, C., Patil, C., Evans, J., Cuomo, C., Fried, L., Carter, T, Oettinger, M., Brown, J. (1995). DNA-dependent kinase (p350) as a candidate gene for the murine SCID defect. Science 267: 1178-1183 [Abstract]  
• Lees-Miller, S., Godbout, R, Chan, D., Weinfeld, M, Day, R. 3rd, Barron, G., Allalunis-Turner, J (1995). Absence of p350 subunit of DNA-activated protein kinase from a radiosensitive human cell line. Science 267: 1183-1185 [Abstract]  
• Peterson, S. R., Jesch, S. A., Chamberlin, T. N., Dvir, A., Rabindran, S. K., Wu, C., Dynan, W. S. (1995). Stimulation of the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase by RNA Polymerase II Transcriptional Activator Proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 1449-1454 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kuhn, A, Gottlieb, T M, Jackson, S P, Grummt, I (1995). DNA-dependent protein kinase: a potent inhibitor of transcription by RNA polymerase I.. Genes Dev. 9: 193-203 [Abstract]  
• Wang, J, Satoh, M, Pierani, A, Schmitt, J, Chou, C., Stunnenberg, H., Roeder, R., Reeves, W. (1994). Assembly and DNA binding of recombinant Ku (p70/p80) autoantigen defined by a novel monoclonal antibody specific for p70/p80 heterodimers. J. Cell Sci. 107: 3223-3233 [Abstract]  
• Peterson, S R, Dvir, A, Anderson, C W, Dynan, W S (1992). DNA binding provides a signal for phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II heptapeptide repeats.. Genes Dev. 6: 426-438 [Abstract]  
• Persons, D. L., Yazlovitskaya, E. M., Pelling, J. C. (2000). Effect of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase on p53 Accumulation in Response to Cisplatin. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 35778-35785 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ye, R., Bodero, A., Zhou, B.-B., Khanna, K. K., Lavin, M. F., Lees-Miller, S. P. (2001). The Plant Isoflavenoid Genistein Activates p53 and Chk2 in an ATM-dependent Manner. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 4828-4833 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Soubeyrand, S., Torrance, H., Giffin, W., Gong, W., Schild-Poulter, C., Hache, R. J. G. (2001). Activation and autoregulation of DNA-PK from structured single-stranded DNA and coding end hairpins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 9605-9610 [Abstract] [Full Text]