This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by O'Bryan, J P Articles by Liu, E T Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by O'Bryan, J P Articles by Liu, E T

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Mol Cell Biol. 1991 October; 11(10): 5016-5031

axl, a transforming gene isolated from primary human myeloid leukemia cells, encodes a novel receptor tyrosine kinase.

Curriculum in Genetics, Lineberger Cancer Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.

ABSTRACT

Using a sensitive transfection-tumorigenicity assay, we have isolated a novel transforming gene from the DNA of two patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Sequence analysis indicates that the product of this gene, axl, is a receptor tyrosine kinase. Overexpression of axl cDNA in NIH 3T3 cells induces neoplastic transformation with the concomitant appearance of a 140-kDa axl tyrosine-phosphorylated protein. Expression of axl cDNA in the baculovirus system results in the expression of the appropriate recombinant protein that is recognized by antiphosphotyrosine antibodies, confirming that the axl protein is a tyrosine kinase. The juxtaposition of fibronectin type III and immunoglobulinlike repeats in the extracellular domain, as well as distinct amino acid sequences in the kinase domain, indicate that the axl protein represents a novel subclass of receptor tyrosine kinases.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Zhang, Y.-X., Knyazev, P. G., Cheburkin, Y. V., Sharma, K., Knyazev, Y. P., Orfi, L., Szabadkai, I., Daub, H., Keri, G., Ullrich, A. (2008). AXL Is a Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Breast Cancer Progression. Cancer Res. 68: 1905-1915 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hutterer, M., Knyazev, P., Abate, A., Reschke, M., Maier, H., Stefanova, N., Knyazeva, T., Barbieri, V., Reindl, M., Muigg, A., Kostron, H., Stockhammer, G., Ullrich, A. (2008). Axl and Growth Arrest Specific Gene 6 Are Frequently Overexpressed in Human Gliomas and Predict Poor Prognosis in Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 130-138 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Korshunov, V. A., Daul, M., Massett, M. P., Berk, B. C. (2007). Axl Mediates Vascular Remodeling Induced by Deoxycorticosterone Acetate Salt Hypertension. Hypertension 50: 1057-1062 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nielsen-Preiss, S. M., Allen, M. P., Xu, M., Linseman, D. A., Pawlowski, J. E., Bouchard, R. J., Varnum, B. C., Heidenreich, K. A., Wierman, M. E. (2007). Adhesion-Related Kinase Induction of Migration Requires Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase and Ras Stimulation of Rac Activity in Immortalized Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Cells. Endocrinology 148: 2806-2814 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lay, J.-D., Hong, C.-C., Huang, J.-S., Yang, Y.-Y., Pao, C.-Y., Liu, C.-H., Lai, Y.-P., Lai, G.-M., Cheng, A.-L., Su, I.-J., Chuang, S.-E. (2007). Sulfasalazine Suppresses Drug Resistance and Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells Expressing AXL. Cancer Res. 67: 3878-3887 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cheong, H. S., Lee, S. O., Choi, C.-B., Sung, Y.-K., Shin, H. D., Bae, S.-C. (2007). MERTK polymorphisms associated with risk of haematological disorders among Korean SLE patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 46: 209-214 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sather, S., Kenyon, K. D., Lefkowitz, J. B., Liang, X., Varnum, B. C., Henson, P. M., Graham, D. K. (2007). A soluble form of the Mer receptor tyrosine kinase inhibits macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells and platelet aggregation. Blood 109: 1026-1033 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shimojima, M., Takada, A., Ebihara, H., Neumann, G., Fujioka, K., Irimura, T., Jones, S., Feldmann, H., Kawaoka, Y. (2006). Tyro3 family-mediated cell entry of ebola and marburg viruses.. J. Virol. 80: 10109-10116 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Korshunov, V. A., Mohan, A. M., Georger, M. A., Berk, B. C. (2006). Axl, A Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Mediates Flow-Induced Vascular Remodeling. Circ. Res. 98: 1446-1452 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Graham, D. K., Salzberg, D. B., Kurtzberg, J., Sather, S., Matsushima, G. K., Keating, A. K., Liang, X., Lovell, M. A., Williams, S. A., Dawson, T. L., Schell, M. J., Anwar, A. A., Snodgrass, H. R., Earp, H. S. (2006). Ectopic Expression of the Proto-oncogene Mer in Pediatric T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 2662-2669 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vajkoczy, P., Knyazev, P., Kunkel, A., Capelle, H.-H., Behrndt, S., von Tengg-Kobligk, H., Kiessling, F., Eichelsbacher, U., Essig, M., Read, T.-A., Erber, R., Ullrich, A. (2006). Dominant-negative inhibition of the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase suppresses brain tumor cell growth and invasion and prolongs survival. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 5799-5804 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, H., Chen, Y., Ge, Y., Ma, P., Ma, Q., Ma, J., Wang, H., Xue, S., Han, D. (2005). Immunoexpression of Tyro 3 Family Receptors--Tyro 3, Axl, and Mer--and Their Ligand Gas6 in Postnatal Developing Mouse Testis. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 53: 1355-1364 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Holland, S. J., Powell, M. J., Franci, C., Chan, E. W., Friera, A. M., Atchison, R. E., McLaughlin, J., Swift, S. E., Pali, E. S., Yam, G., Wong, S., Lasaga, J., Shen, M. R., Yu, S., Xu, W., Hitoshi, Y., Bogenberger, J., Nor, J. E., Payan, D. G., Lorens, J. B. (2005). Multiple Roles for the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl in Tumor Formation. Cancer Res. 65: 9294-9303 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gallicchio, M., Mitola, S., Valdembri, D., Fantozzi, R., Varnum, B., Avanzi, G. C., Bussolino, F. (2005). Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated endothelial cell activation by Axl tyrosine kinase receptor. Blood 105: 1970-1976 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wu, Y.-M., Robinson, D. R., Kung, H.-J. (2004). Signal Pathways in Up-regulation of Chemokines by Tyrosine Kinase MER/NYK in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancer Res. 64: 7311-7320 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hasanbasic, I., Cuerquis, J., Varnum, B., Blostein, M. D. (2004). Intracellular signaling pathways involved in Gas6-Axl-mediated survival of endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287: H1207-H1213 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, C., Li, Q., Darrow, A. L., Wang, Y., Derian, C. K., Yang, J., de Garavilla, L., Andrade-Gordon, P., Damiano, B. P. (2004). Mer Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Participates in Platelet Function. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 24: 1118-1123 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McHenry, C. L., Liu, Y., Feng, W., Nair, A. R., Feathers, K. L., Ding, X., Gal, A., Vollrath, D., Sieving, P. A., Thompson, D. A. (2004). MERTK Arginine-844-Cysteine in a Patient with Severe Rod-Cone Dystrophy: Loss of Mutant Protein Function in Transfected Cells. IOVS 45: 1456-1463 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Heiring, C., Dahlback, B., Muller, Y. A. (2004). Ligand Recognition and Homophilic Interactions in Tyro3: STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS INTO THE Axl/Tyro3 RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE FAMILY. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 6952-6958 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• van Ginkel, P. R., Gee, R. L., Shearer, R. L., Subramanian, L., Walker, T. M., Albert, D. M., Meisner, L. F., Varnum, B. C., Polans, A. S. (2004). Expression of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl Promotes Ocular Melanoma Cell Survival. Cancer Res. 64: 128-134 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sun, W. S., Fujimoto, J., Tamaya, T. (2003). Coexpression of growth arrest-specific gene 6 and receptor tyrosine kinases Axl and Sky in human uterine endometrial cancers. Ann Oncol 14: 898-906 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Collett, G., Wood, A., Alexander, M. Y., Varnum, B. C., Boot-Handford, R. P., Ohanian, V., Ohanian, J., Fridell, Y.-W., Canfield, A. E. (2003). Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl Modulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of Pericytes. Circ. Res. 92: 1123-1129 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shankar, S. L., O'Guin, K., Cammer, M., McMorris, F. A., Stitt, T. N., Basch, R. S., Varnum, B., Shafit-Zagardo, B. (2003). The Growth Arrest-Specific Gene Product Gas6 Promotes the Survival of Human Oligodendrocytes via a Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Dependent Pathway. J. Neurosci. 23: 4208-4218 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sasaki, T., Knyazev, P. G., Cheburkin, Y., Gohring, W., Tisi, D., Ullrich, A., Timpl, R., Hohenester, E. (2002). Crystal Structure of a C-terminal Fragment of Growth Arrest-specific Protein Gas6. RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE ACTIVATION BY LAMININ G-LIKE DOMAINS. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 44164-44170 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Allen, M. P., Xu, M., Linseman, D. A., Pawlowski, J. E., Bokoch, G. M., Heidenreich, K. A., Wierman, M. E. (2002). Adhesion-related Kinase Repression of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Gene Expression Requires Rac Activation of the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 38133-38140 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Guttridge, K. L., Luft, J. C., Dawson, T. L., Kozlowska, E., Mahajan, N. P., Varnum, B., Earp, H. S. (2002). Mer Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. PREVENTION OF APOPTOSIS AND ALTERATION OF CYTOSKELETAL ARCHITECTURE WITHOUT STIMULATION OR PROLIFERATION. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 24057-24066 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sheets, N. L., Chauhan, B. K., Wawrousek, E., Hejtmancik, J. F., Cvekl, A., Kantorow, M. (2002). Cataract- and Lens-Specific Upregulation of ARK Receptor Tyrosine Kinase in Emory Mouse Cataract. IOVS 43: 1870-1875 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meric, F., Lee, W.-P., Sahin, A., Zhang, H., Kung, H.-J., Hung, M.-C. (2002). Expression Profile of Tyrosine Kinases in Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 8: 361-367 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Allen, M. P., Linseman, D. A., Udo, H., Xu, M., Schaack, J. B., Varnum, B., Kandel, E. R., Heidenreich, K. A., Wierman, M. E. (2002). Novel Mechanism for Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Migration Involving Gas6/Ark Signaling to p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 599-613 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yanagita, M., Arai, H., Nakano, T., Ohashi, K., Mizuno, K., Fukatsu, A., Doi, T., Kita, T. (2001). Gas6 Induces Mesangial Cell Proliferation via Latent Transcription Factor STAT3. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 42364-42369 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zantek, N. D., Walker-Daniels, J., Stewart, J., Hansen, R. K., Robinson, D., Miao, H., Wang, B., Kung, H.-J., Bissell, M. J., Kinch, M. S. (2001). MCF-10A-NeoST: A New Cell System for Studying Cell-ECM and Cell-Cell Interactions in Breast Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 3640-3648 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• De Vos, J., Couderc, G., Tarte, K., Jourdan, M., Requirand, G., Delteil, M.-C., Rossi, J.-F., Mechti, N., Klein, B. (2001). Identifying intercellular signaling genes expressed in malignant plasma cells by using complementary DNA arrays. Blood 98: 771-780 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Robson, R. L., McLoughlin, R. M., Witowski, J., Loetscher, P., Wilkinson, T. S., Jones, S. A., Topley, N. (2001). Differential Regulation of Chemokine Production in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells: IFN-{{gamma}} Controls Neutrophil Migration Across the Mesothelium In Vitro and In Vivo. J. Immunol. 167: 1028-1038 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lersch, R. A., Fung, J., Hsieh, H.-B., Smida, J., Weier, H.-U. G. (2001). Monitoring Signal Transduction in Cancer: From Chips to FISH. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 49: 925-926 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Berk, B. C. (2001). Vascular Smooth Muscle Growth: Autocrine Growth Mechanisms. Physiol. Rev. 81: 999-1030 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ward, C W, Garrett, T P J, McKern, N M, Lou, M, Cosgrove, L J, Sparrow, L G, Frenkel, M J, Hoyne, P A, Elleman, T C, Adams, T E, Lovrecz, G O, Lawrence, L J, Tulloch, P A (2001). The three dimensional structure of the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor. Mol. Pathol. 54: 125-132 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Healy, A. M., Schwartz, J. J., Zhu, X., Herrick, B. E., Varnum, B., Farber, H. W. (2001). Gas 6 promotes Axl-mediated survival in pulmonary endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 280: L1273-L1281 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Goruppi, S., Chiaruttini, C., Ruaro, M. E., Varnum, B., Schneider, C. (2001). Gas6 Induces Growth, {beta}-Catenin Stabilization, and T-Cell Factor Transcriptional Activation in Contact-Inhibited C57 Mammary Cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 902-915 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Witowski, J., Pawlaczyk, K., Breborowicz, A., Scheuren, A., Kuzlan-Pawlaczyk, M., Wisniewska, J., Polubinska, A., Friess, H., Gahl, G. M., Frei, U., Jorres, A. (2000). IL-17 Stimulates Intraperitoneal Neutrophil Infiltration Through the Release of GRO{alpha} Chemokine from Mesothelial Cells. J. Immunol. 165: 5814-5821 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dormady, S. P., Zhang, X.-M., Basch, R. S. (2000). Hematopoietic progenitor cells grow on 3T3 fibroblast monolayers that overexpress growth arrest-specific gene-6 (GAS6). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 12260-12265 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lan, Z., Wu, H., Li, W., Wu, S., Lu, L., Xu, M., Dai, W. (2000). Transforming activity of receptor tyrosine kinase Tyro3 is mediated, at least in part, by the PI3 kinase-signaling pathway. Blood 95: 633-638 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, W.-P., Liao, Y., Robinson, D., Kung, H.-J., Liu, E. T., Hung, M.-C. (1999). Axl-Gas6 Interaction Counteracts E1A-Mediated Cell Growth Suppression and Proapoptotic Activity. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 8075-8082 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, W.-c., Li, A. F-Y., Chi, C.-W., Chung, W.-W., Huang, C. L., Lui, W.-Y., Kung, H.-J., Wu, C.-W. (1999). tie-1 Protein Tyrosine Kinase: A Novel Independent Prognostic Marker for Gastric Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 1745-1751 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Donnell, K., Harkes, I. C., Dougherty, L., Wicks, I. P. (1999). Expression of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl and its Ligand Gas6 in Rheumatoid Arthritis : Evidence for a Novel Endothelial Cell Survival Pathway. Am. J. Pathol. 154: 1171-1180 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Camenisch, T. D., Koller, B. H., Earp2, H. S., Matsushima, G. K. (1999). A Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Mer, Inhibits TNF-{alpha} Production and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endotoxic Shock. J. Immunol. 162: 3498-3503 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Georgescu, M.-M., Kirsch, K. H., Shishido, T., Zong, C., Hanafusa, H. (1999). Biological Effects of c-Mer Receptor Tyrosine Kinase in Hematopoietic Cells Depend on the Grb2 Binding Site in the Receptor and Activation of NF-kappa B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 1171-1181 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Besser, D., Bromberg, J. F., Darnell, J. E. Jr., Hanafusa, H. (1999). A Single Amino Acid Substitution in the v-Eyk Intracellular Domain Results in Activation of Stat3 and Enhances Cellular Transformation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 1401-1409 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Allen, M. P., Zeng, C., Schneider, K., Xiong, X., Meintzer, M. K., Bellosta, P., Basilico, C., Varnum, B., Heidenreich, K. A., Wierman, M. E. (1999). Growth Arrest-Specific Gene 6 (Gas6)/Adhesion Related Kinase (Ark) Signaling Promotes Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Survival via Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) and Akt. Mol. Endocrinol. 13: 191-201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Melaragno, M. G., Wuthrich, D. A., Poppa, V., Gill, D., Lindner, V., Berk, B. C., Corson, M. A. (1998). Increased Expression of Axl Tyrosine Kinase After Vascular Injury and Regulation by G Protein–Coupled Receptor Agonists in Rats. Circ. Res. 83: 697-704 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nakamura, Y. S., Hakeda, Y., Takakura, N., Kameda, T., Hamaguchi, I., Miyamoto, T., Kakudo, S., Nakano, T., Kumegawa, M., Suda, T. (1998). Tyro 3 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase and its Ligand, Gas6, Stimulate the Function of Osteoclasts. Stem Cells 16: 229-238 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Avanzi, G. C., Gallicchio, M., Bottarel, F., Gammaitoni, L., Cavalloni, G., Buonfiglio, D., Bragardo, M., Bellomo, G., Albano, E., Fantozzi, R., Garbarino, G., Varnum, B., Aglietta, M., Saglio, G., Dianzani, U., Dianzani, C. (1998). GAS6 Inhibits Granulocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells. Blood 91: 2334-2340 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fridell, Y.-W. C., Villa, J. Jr., Attar, E. C., Liu, E. T. (1998). GAS6 Induces Axl-mediated Chemotaxis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 7123-7126 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tanaka, K., Nagayama, Y., Nakano, T., Takamura, N., Namba, H., Fukada, S., Kuma, K., Yamashita, S., Niwa, M. (1998). Expression Profile of Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Kinase Genes in the Human Thyroid. Endocrinology 139: 852-858 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nakano, T., Ishimoto, Y., Kishino, J., Umeda, M., Inoue, K., Nagata, K., Ohashi, K., Mizuno, K., Arita, H. (1997). Cell Adhesion to Phosphatidylserine Mediated by a Product of Growth Arrest-specific Gene 6. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 29411-29414 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sparrow, L. G., McKern, N. M., Gorman, J. J., Strike, P. M., Robinson, C. P., Bentley, J. D., Ward, C. W. (1997). The Disulfide Bonds in the C-terminal Domains of the Human Insulin Receptor Ectodomain. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 29460-29467 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McCloskey, P., Fridell, Y.-W., Attar, E., Villa, J., Jin, Y., Varnum, B., Liu, E. T. (1997). GAS6 Mediates Adhesion of Cells Expressing the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 23285-23291 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Berk, B. C., Corson, M. A. (1997). Angiotensin II Signal Transduction in Vascular Smooth Muscle : Role of Tyrosine Kinases. Circ. Res. 80: 607-616 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nagata, K., Ohashi, K., Nakano, T., Arita, H., Zong, C., Hanafusa, H., Mizuno, K. (1996). Identification of the Product of Growth Arrest-specific Gene 6as a Common Ligand for Axl, Sky, and Mer Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 30022-30027 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Quilliam, L. A., Lambert, Q. T., Mickelson-Young, L. A., Westwick, J. K., Sparks, A. B., Kay, B. K., Jenkins, N. A., Gilbert, D. J., Copeland, N. G., Der, C. J. (1996). Isolation of a NCK-associated Kinase, PRK2, an SH3-binding Protein and Potential Effector of Rho Protein Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 28772-28776 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Biscardi, J. S., Denhez, F., Buehler, G. F., Chesnutt, D. A., Baragona, S. C., O'Bryan, J. P., Der, C. J., Fiordalisi, J. J., Fults, D. W., Maness, P. F. (1996). rek, a Gene Expressed in Retina and Brain, Encodes a Receptor Tyrosine Kinase of the Axl/Tyro3 Family. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 29049-29059 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yamazaki, H., Bujo, H., Kusunoki, J., Seimiya, K., Kanaki, T., Morisaki, N., Schneider, W. J., Saito, Y. (1996). Elements of Neural Adhesion Molecules and a Yeast Vacuolar Protein Sorting Receptor Are Present in a Novel Mammalian Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Family Member. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 24761-24768 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ling, L., Templeton, D., Kung, H.-J. (1996). Identification of the Major Autophosphorylation Sites of Nyk/Mer, an NCAM-related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 18355-18362 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mark, M. R., Chen, J., Hammonds, R. G., Sadick, M., Godowsk, P. J. (1996). Characterization of Gas6, a Member of the Superfamily of G Domain-containing Proteins, as a Ligand for Rse and Axl. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 9785-9789 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Saling, P., Carballada, R., Burks, D., Moore, H. (1996). Response: Sperm-Egg Binding Protein or Proto-Oncogene?. Science 271: 1434-1435  
• Lai, K. S., Jin, Y., Graham, D. K., Witthuhn, B. A., Ihle, J. N., Liu, E. T. (1995). A Kinase-deficient Splice Variant of the Human JAK3 Is Expressed in Hematopoietic and Epithelial Cancer Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 25028-25036 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ohashi, K., Nagata, K., Toshima, J., Nakano, T., Arita, H., Tsuda, H., Suzuki, K., Mizuno, K. (1995). Stimulation of Sky Receptor Tyrosine Kinase by the Product of Growth Arrest-specific Gene 6. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 22681-22684 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Burks, D., Carballada, R, Moore, H., Saling, P. (1995). Interaction of a tyrosine kinase from human sperm with the zona pellucida at fertilization. Science 269: 83-86 [Abstract]  
• Taylor, I. C. A., Roy, S., Yaswen, P., Stampfer, M. R., Varmus, H. E. (1995). Mouse Mammary Tumors Express Elevated Levels of RNA Encoding the Murine Homolog of SKY, a Putative Receptor Tyrosine Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 6872-6880 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Bryan, J. P., Fridell, Y.-W., Koski, R., Varnum, B., Liu, E. T. (1995). The Transforming Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Axl, Is Post-translationally Regulated by Proteolytic Cleavage. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 551-557 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cline, M. J. (1994). The Molecular Basis of Leukemia. NEJM 330: 328-336 [Full Text]  
• Xu, Q, Holder, N, Patient, R, Wilson, S. (1994). Spatially regulated expression of three receptor tyrosine kinase genes during gastrulation in the zebrafish. Development 120: 287-299 [Abstract]  
• Schnurch, H, Risau, W (1993). Expression of tie-2, a member of a novel family of receptor tyrosine kinases, in the endothelial cell lineage. Development 119: 957-968 [Abstract]  
• Allen, M. P., Xu, M., Zeng, C., Tobet, S. A., Wierman, M. E. (2000). Myocyte Enhancer Factors-2B and -2C Are Required for Adhesion Related Kinase Repression of Neuronal Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Gene Expression. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 39662-39670 [Abstract] [Full Text]