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Mol Cell Biol. 1991 February; 11(2): 773-784

Extracellular signals that regulate liver transcription factors during hepatic differentiation in vitro.

J K Liu, C M DiPersio and K S Zaret

Section of Biochemistry, Box G, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912.

ABSTRACT

A complex cell culture environment has been shown to maintain the differentiated state of hepatocytes, yet the mechanisms by which environmental cues selectively maintain liver-specific gene transcription have been unknown. In this paper we show that the hepatic environment regulates the activities of at least three liver-enriched transcription factors, eE-TF, eG-TF/HNF3, and eH-TF, that activate the mouse serum albumin enhancer. eE-TF is a heat-stable factor that has a DNA-binding specificity similar to that of the liver transcription factor C/EBP, but is a distinct protein. eG-TF/HNF3 contributes to the liver-specific transcription of several other serum protein genes. eH-TF binds to a TGTTTGC sequence that occurs at regulatory sites of the albumin promoter, the hepatitis B virus enhancer, and other hepatic genes. eE-TF, eG-TF/HNF3, and eH-TF are regulated by different combinations of the following cell culture conditions: a hormonally defined serum-free medium; an extracellular matrix gel; and a transformation-competent simian virus 40 large T antigen. We propose a regulatory network model to explain how cues from the cell lineage and the extracellular environment coordinately help maintain the activities of transcription factors involved in hepatocyte differentiation.

Mol Cell Biol. 1991 February; 11(2): 773-784




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