This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Kellum, R
Right arrow Articles by Schedl, P
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Kellum, R
Right arrow Articles by Schedl, P

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Mol Cell Biol. 1992 May; 12(5): 2424-2431

A group of scs elements function as domain boundaries in an enhancer-blocking assay.

R Kellum and P Schedl

Department of Biology, Moffett Labs, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544.

ABSTRACT

Chromosomes of higher eukaryotes are thought to be organized into a series of discrete and topologically independent higher-order domains. In addition to providing a mechanism for chromatin compaction, these higher-order domains are thought to define independent units of gene activity. Implicit in most models for the folding of the chromatin fiber are special nucleoprotein structures, the domain boundaries, which serve to delimit each higher-order chromosomal domain. We have used an "enhancer-blocking assay" to test putative domain boundaries for boundary function in vivo. This assay is based on the notion that in delimiting independent units of gene activity, domain boundaries should be able to restrict the scope of activity of enhancer elements to genes which reside within the same domain. In this case, interposing a boundary between an enhancer and a promoter should block the action of the enhancer. In the experiments reported here, we have used the yolk protein-1 enhancer element and an hsp70 promoter:lacZ fusion gene to test putative boundary DNA segments for enhancer-blocking activity. We have found that several scs-like elements are capable of blocking the action of the yp-1 enhancer when placed between it and the hsp70 promoter. In contrast, a MAR/SAR DNA segment and another spacer DNA segment had no apparent effect on enhancer activity.

Mol Cell Biol. 1992 May; 12(5): 2424-2431




This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Fujioka, M., Wu, X., Jaynes, J. B. (2009). A chromatin insulator mediates transgene homing and very long-range enhancer-promoter communication. Development 136: 3077-3087 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Core, L. J., Lis, J. T. (2009). Paused Pol II captures enhancer activity and acts as a potent insulator. Genes Dev. 23: 1606-1612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Molto, E., Fernandez, A., Montoliu, L. (2009). Boundaries in vertebrate genomes: different solutions to adequately insulate gene expression domains. Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic 8: 283-296 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gurudatta, B. V., Corces, V. G. (2009). Chromatin insulators: lessons from the fly. Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic 8: 276-282 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jiang, N., Emberly, E., Cuvier, O., Hart, C. M. (2009). Genome-Wide Mapping of Boundary Element-Associated Factor (BEAF) Binding Sites in Drosophila melanogaster Links BEAF to Transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 29: 3556-3568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Iampietro, C., Cleard, F., Gyurkovics, H., Maeda, R. K., Karch, F. (2008). Boundary swapping in the Drosophila Bithorax complex. Development 135: 3983-3987 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kyrchanova, O., Chetverina, D., Maksimenko, O., Kullyev, A., Georgiev, P. (2008). Orientation-dependent interaction between Drosophila insulators is a property of this class of regulatory elements. Nucleic Acids Res 36: 7019-7028 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maksimenko, O., Golovnin, A., Georgiev, P. (2008). Enhancer-Promoter Communication Is Regulated by Insulator Pairing in a Drosophila Model Bigenic Locus. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28: 5469-5477 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Petrykowska, H. M., Vockley, C. M., Elnitski, L. (2008). Detection and characterization of silencers and enhancer-blockers in the greater CFTR locus. Genome Res 18: 1238-1246 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chetverina, D., Savitskaya, E., Maksimenko, O., Melnikova, L., Zaytseva, O., Parshikov, A., Galkin, A. V., Georgiev, P. (2008). Red flag on the white reporter: a versatile insulator abuts the white gene in Drosophila and is omnipresent in mini-white constructs. Nucleic Acids Res 36: 929-937 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gohl, D., Muller, M., Pirrotta, V., Affolter, M., Schedl, P. (2008). Enhancer Blocking and Transvection at the Drosophila apterous Locus. Genetics 178: 127-143 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rodin, S., Kyrchanova, O., Pomerantseva, E., Parshikov, A., Georgiev, P. (2007). New Properties of Drosophila Fab-7 Insulator. Genetics 177: 113-121 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pathak, R. U., Rangaraj, N., Kallappagoudar, S., Mishra, K., Mishra, R. K. (2007). Boundary Element-Associated Factor 32B Connects Chromatin Domains to the Nuclear Matrix. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27: 4796-4806 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Roy, S., Gilbert, M. K., Hart, C. M. (2007). Characterization of BEAF Mutations Isolated by Homologous Recombination in Drosophila. Genetics 176: 801-813 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chen, Q., Lin, L., Smith, S., Huang, J., Berger, S. L., Zhou, J. (2007). CTCF-Dependent Chromatin Boundary Element between the Latency-Associated Transcript and ICP0 Promoters in the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Genome. J. Virol. 81: 5192-5201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yoon, Y. S., Jeong, S., Rong, Q., Park, K.-Y., Chung, J. H., Pfeifer, K. (2007). Analysis of the H19ICR Insulator. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27: 3499-3510 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Brasset, E., Bantignies, F., Court, F., Cheresiz, S., Conte, C., Vaury, C. (2007). Idefix insulator activity can be modulated by nearby regulatory elements. Nucleic Acids Res 0: gkm140v1-10 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Watanabe, S., Watanabe, S., Sakamoto, N., Sato, M., Akasaka, K. (2006). Functional analysis of the sea urchin-derived arylsulfatase (Ars)-element in mammalian cells.. GENES CELLS 11: 1009-1021 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Savitskaya, E., Melnikova, L., Kostuchenko, M., Kravchenko, E., Pomerantseva, E., Boikova, T., Chetverina, D., Parshikov, A., Zobacheva, P., Gracheva, E., Galkin, A., Georgiev, P. (2006). Study of Long-Distance Functional Interactions between Su(Hw) Insulators That Can Regulate Enhancer-Promoter Communication in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol. Cell. Biol. 26: 754-761 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sage, B. T., Jones, J. L., Holmes, A. L., Wu, M. D., Csink, A. K. (2005). Sequence Elements in cis Influence Heterochromatic Silencing in trans. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25: 377-388 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ferrari, S., Simmen, K. C., Dusserre, Y., Muller, K., Fourel, G., Gilson, E., Mermod, N. (2004). Chromatin Domain Boundaries Delimited by a Histone-binding Protein in Yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 55520-55530 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Namciu, S. J., Fournier, R. E. K. (2004). Human Matrix Attachment Regions Are Necessary for the Establishment but Not the Maintenance of Transgene Insulation in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 10236-10245 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lin, Q., Chen, Q., Lin, L., Zhou, J. (2004). The Promoter Targeting Sequence mediates epigenetically heritable transcription memory. Genes Dev. 18: 2639-2651 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schweinsberg, S., Hagstrom, K., Gohl, D., Schedl, P., Kumar, R. P., Mishra, R., Karch, F. (2004). The Enhancer-Blocking Activity of the Fab-7 Boundary From the Drosophila Bithorax Complex Requires GAGA-Factor-Binding Sites. Genetics 168: 1371-1384 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhao, H., Dean, A. (2004). An insulator blocks spreading of histone acetylation and interferes with RNA polymerase II transfer between an enhancer and gene. Nucleic Acids Res 32: 4903-4919 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Eggert, H., Gortchakov, A., Saumweber, H. (2004). Identification of the Drosophila interband-specific protein Z4 as a DNA-binding zinc-finger protein determining chromosomal structure. J. Cell Sci. 117: 4253-4264 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rudd, S., Frisch, M., Grote, K., Meyers, B. C., Mayer, K., Werner, T. (2004). Genome-Wide in Silico Mapping of Scaffold/Matrix Attachment Regions in Arabidopsis Suggests Correlation of Intragenic Scaffold/Matrix Attachment Regions with Gene Expression. Plant Physiol. 135: 715-722 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kuhn, E. J., Hart, C. M., Geyer, P. K. (2004). Studies of the Role of the Drosophila scs and scs' Insulators in Defining Boundaries of a Chromosome Puff. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 1470-1480 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Parnell, T. J., Viering, M. M., Skjesol, A., Helou, C., Kuhn, E. J., Geyer, P. K. (2003). An endogenous Suppressor of Hairy-wing insulator separates regulatory domains in Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 13436-13441 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Giraldo, P., Martinez, A., Regales, L., Lavado, A., Garcia-Diaz, A., Alonso, A., Busturia, A., Montoliu, L. (2003). Functional dissection of the mouse tyrosinase locus control region identifies a new putative boundary activity. Nucleic Acids Res 31: 6290-6305 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mlynarova, L., Hricova, A., Loonen, A., Nap, J.-P. (2003). The Presence of a Chromatin Boundary Appears to Shield a Transgene in Tobacco from RNA Silencing. Plant Cell 15: 2203-2217 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Frazar, T. F., Weisbein, J. L., Anderson, S. M., Cline, A. P., Garrett, L. J., Felsenfeld, G., Gallagher, P. G., Bodine, D. M. (2003). Variegated Expression from the Murine Band 3 (AE1) Promoter in Transgenic Mice Is Associated with mRNA Transcript Initiation at Upstream Start Sites and Can Be Suppressed by the Addition of the Chicken {beta}-Globin 5' HS4 Insulator Element. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 4753-4763 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Thon, G., Bjerling, P., Bunner, C. M., Verhein-Hansen, J. (2002). Expression-State Boundaries in the Mating-Type Region of Fission Yeast. Genetics 161: 611-622 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Conte, C., Dastugue, B., Vaury, C. (2002). Coupling of Enhancer and Insulator Properties Identified in Two Retrotransposons Modulates Their Mutagenic Impact on Nearby Genes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 1767-1777 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • West, A. G., Gaszner, M., Felsenfeld, G. (2002). Insulators: many functions, many mechanisms. Genes Dev. 16: 271-288 [Full Text]  
  • Hogga, I., Karch, F. (2002). Transcription through the iab-7 cis-regulatory domain of the bithorax complex interferes with maintenance of Polycomb-mediated silencing. Development 129: 4915-4922 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chen, S., Corces, V. G. (2001). The Gypsy Insulator of Drosophila Affects Chromatin Structure in a Directional Manner. Genetics 159: 1649-1658 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wei, W., Brennan, M. D. (2001). The gypsy Insulator Can Act as a Promoter-Specific Transcriptional Stimulator. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 7714-7720 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cai, H. N., Zhang, Z., Adams, J. R., Shen, P. (2001). Genomic context modulates insulator activity through promoter competition. Development 128: 4339-4347 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stebbins, M. J., Urlinger, S., Byrne, G., Bello, B., Hillen, W., Yin, J. C. P. (2001). Tetracycline-inducible systems for Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073/pnas.121186498v1 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gause, M., Morcillo, P., Dorsett, D. (2001). Insulation of Enhancer-Promoter Communication by a Gypsy Transposon Insert in the Drosophila cut Gene: Cooperation between Suppressor of Hairy-wing and Modifier of mdg4 Proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 4807-4817 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jones, B. K., Levorse, J., Tilghman, S. M. (2001). Deletion of a nuclease-sensitive region between the Igf2 and H19 genes leads to Igf2 misregulation and increased adiposity. Hum Mol Genet 10: 807-814 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bell, A. C., West, A. G., Felsenfeld, G. (2001). Insulators and Boundaries: Versatile Regulatory Elements in the Eukaryotic Genome. Science 291: 447-450 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Modin, C., Pedersen, F. S., Duch, M. (2000). Lack of Shielding of Primer Binding Site Silencer-Mediated Repression of an Internal Promoter in a Retrovirus Vector by the Putative Insulators scs, BEAD-1, and HS4. J. Virol. 74: 11697-11707 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kaffer, C. R., Srivastava, M., Park, K.-Y., Ives, E., Hsieh, S., Batlle, J., Grinberg, A., Huang, S.-P., Pfeifer, K. (2000). A transcriptional insulator at the imprinted H19/Igf2 locus. Genes Dev. 14: 1908-1919 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vazquez, J., Schedl, P. (2000). Deletion of an Insulator Element by the Mutation facet-strawberry in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 155: 1297-1311 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Srivastava, M., Hsieh, S., Grinberg, A., Williams-Simons, L., Huang, S.-P., Pfeifer, K. (2000). H19 and Igf2 monoallelic expression is regulated in two distinct ways by a shared cis acting regulatory region upstream of H19. Genes Dev. 14: 1186-1195 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Willoughby, D. A., Vilalta, A., Oshima, R. G. (2000). An Alu Element from the K18 Gene Confers Position-independent Expression in Transgenic Mice. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 759-768 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • van der Vlag, J., den Blaauwen, J. L., Sewalt, R. G. A. B., van Driel, R., Otte, A. P. (2000). Transcriptional Repression Mediated by Polycomb Group Proteins and Other Chromatin-associated Repressors Is Selectively Blocked by Insulators. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 697-704 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Recillas-Targa, F., Bell, A. C., Felsenfeld, G. (1999). Positional enhancer-blocking activity of the chicken beta -globin insulator in transiently transfected cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 14354-14359 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bi, X., Braunstein, M., Shei, G.-J., Broach, J. R. (1999). The yeast HML I silencer defines a heterochromatin domain boundary by directional establishment of silencing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 11934-11939 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Scott, K. C., Taubman, A. D., Geyer, P. K. (1999). Enhancer Blocking by the Drosophila gypsy Insulator Depends Upon Insulator Anatomy and Enhancer Strength. Genetics 153: 787-798 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gaszner, M., Vazquez, J., Schedl, P. (1999). The Zw5 protein, a component of the scs chromatin domain boundary, is able to block enhancer-promoter interaction. Genes Dev. 13: 2098-2107 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhong, X.-P., Krangel, M. S. (1999). Enhancer-Blocking Activity Within the DNase I Hypersensitive Site 2 to 6 Region Between the TCR {alpha} and Dad1 Genes. J. Immunol. 163: 295-300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zorin, I. D., Gerasimova, T. I., Corces, V. G. (1999). The lawc Gene Is a New Member of the trithorax-Group That Affects the Function of the gypsy Insulator of Drosophila. Genetics 152: 1045-1055 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Golovnin, A., Gause, M., Georgieva, S., Gracheva, E., Georgiev, P. (1999). The su(Hw) Insulator Can Disrupt Enhancer-Promoter Interactions When Located More than 20 Kilobases Away from the Drosophila achaete-scute Complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 3443-3456 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Walters, M. C., Fiering, S., Bouhassira, E. E., Scalzo, D., Goeke, S., Magis, W., Garrick, D., Whitelaw, E., Martin, D. I. K. (1999). The Chicken beta -Globin 5'HS4 Boundary Element Blocks Enhancer-Mediated Suppression of Silencing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 3714-3726 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bi, X., Broach, J. R. (1999). UASrpg can function as a heterochromatin boundary element in yeast. Genes Dev. 13: 1089-1101 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Donze, D., Adams, C. R., Rine, J., Kamakaka, R. T. (1999). The boundaries of the silenced HMR domain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 13: 698-708 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhou, J, Ashe, H, Burks, C, Levine, M (1999). Characterization of the transvection mediating region of the abdominal-B locus in Drosophila. Development 126: 3057-3065 [Abstract]  
  • Cuvier, O., Hart, C. M., Laemmli, U. K. (1998). Identification of a Class of Chromatin Boundary Elements. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 7478-7486 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Thorvaldsen, J. L., Duran, K. L., Bartolomei, M. S. (1998). Deletion of the H19 differentially methylated domain results in loss of imprinted expression of H19 and Igf2. Genes Dev. 12: 3693-3702 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ohtsuki, S., Levine, M. (1998). GAGA mediates the enhancer blocking activity of the eve promoter in the Drosophila embryo. Genes Dev. 12: 3325-3330 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Miller, A. P., Willard, H. F. (1998). Chromosomal basis of X chromosome inactivation: Identification of a multigene domain in Xp11.21-p11.22 that escapes X inactivation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 8709-8714 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nabirochkin, S., Ossokina, M., Heidmann, T. (1998). A Nuclear Matrix/Scaffold Attachment Region Co-localizes with the Gypsy Retrotransposon Insulator Sequence. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 2473-2479 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • BELL, A., BOYES, J., CHUNG, J., PIKAART, M., PRIOLEAU, M.-N., RECILLAS, F., SAITOH, N., FELSENFELD, G. (1998). The Establishment of Active Chromatin Domains. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 63: 509-514 [Abstract]  
  • Zhong, X.-P., Krangel, M. S. (1997). An enhancer-blocking element between alpha  and delta  gene segments within the human T cell receptor alpha /delta  locus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 5219-5224 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tsai, S.-F., Jang, C.-C., Prikhod'ko, G. G., Bessarab, D. A., Tang, C.-Y., Pflugfelder, G. O., Sun, Y. H. (1997). Gypsy retrotransposon as a tool for the in vivo analysis of the regulatory region of the optomotor-blind gene in Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 3837-3831 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Palla, F., Melfi, R., Anello, L., Di Bernardo, M., Spinelli, G. (1997). Enhancer blocking activity located near the 3' end of the sea urchin early H2A histone gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 2272-2277 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chung, J. H., Bell, A. C., Felsenfeld, G. (1997). Characterization of the chicken beta -globin insulator. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 575-580 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mihaly, J, Hogga, I, Gausz, J, Gyurkovics, H, Karch, F (1997). In situ dissection of the Fab-7 region of the bithorax complex into a chromatin domain boundary and a Polycomb-response element. Development 124: 1809-1820 [Abstract]  
  • Zhou, J, Barolo, S, Szymanski, P, Levine, M (1996). The Fab-7 element of the bithorax complex attenuates enhancer-promoter interactions in the Drosophila embryo.. Genes Dev. 10: 3195-3201 [Abstract]  
  • Hagstrom, K, Muller, M, Schedl, P (1996). Fab-7 functions as a chromatin domain boundary to ensure proper segment specification by the Drosophila bithorax complex.. Genes Dev. 10: 3202-3215 [Abstract]  
  • Merli, C, Bergstrom, D E, Cygan, J A, Blackman, R K (1996). Promoter specificity mediates the independent regulation of neighboring genes.. Genes Dev. 10: 1260-1270 [Abstract]  
  • Roseman, R., Swan, J., Geyer, P. (1995). A Drosophila insulator protein facilitates dosage compensation of the X chromosome min-white gene located at autosomal insertion sites. Development 121: 3573-3582 [Abstract]  
  • Thompson, E., Legouy, E, Christians, E, Renard, J. (1995). Progressive maturation of chromatin structure regulates HSP70.1 gene expression in the preimplantation mouse embryo. Development 121: 3425-3437 [Abstract]  
  • Forrester, W., van Genderen, C, Jenuwein, T, Grosschedl, R (1994). Dependence of enhancer-mediated transcription of the immunoglobulin mu gene on nuclear matrix attachment regions. Science 265: 1221-1225 [Abstract]  
  • Renauld, H, Aparicio, O M, Zierath, P D, Billington, B L, Chhablani, S K, Gottschling, D E (1993). Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage.. Genes Dev. 7: 1133-1145 [Abstract]  
  • Vazquez, J., Farkas, G., Gaszner, M., Udvardy, A., Muller, M., Hagstrom, K., Gyurkovics, H., Sipos, L., Gausz, J., Galloni, M., Hogga, I., Karch, F., Schedl, P. (1993). Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Chromatin Domains. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 58: 45-54 [Abstract]  
  • Henry, R. A., Tews, B., Li, X., Scott, M. J. (2001). Recruitment of the Male-specific Lethal (MSL) Dosage Compensation Complex to an Autosomally Integrated roX Chromatin Entry Site Correlates with an Increased Expression of an Adjacent Reporter Gene in Male Drosophila. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 31953-31958 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stebbins, M. J., Urlinger, S., Byrne, G., Bello, B., Hillen, W., Yin, J. C. P. (2001). Tetracycline-inducible systems for Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 10775-10780 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»