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DNA repair defects associated with chromosomal translocation breaksite regions.

Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

ABSTRACT

Using an assay that measures the removal of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in specific DNA sequences, we have found that the Pvt-1, immunoglobulin H-C alpha (IgH-C alpha), and IgL-kappa loci are poorly repaired in normal B lymphoblasts from plasmacytoma-susceptible BALB/cAnPt mice. Breaksites in these genes are associated with the chromosomal translocations that are found in > 95% of BALB/cAnPt plasmacytomas. In contrast to those from BALB/cAnPt mice, B lymphoblasts from plasmacytoma-resistant DBA/2N mice rapidly repair Pvt-1, IgH-C alpha, and IgL-kappa. Further, (BALB/cAnPt x DBA/2N)F1 hybrids, which are resistant to plasmacytoma development, carry an efficient (DBA/2N-like) repair phenotype. Analysis of allele-specific repair in the IgH-C alpha locus indicates that efficient repair is controlled by dominant, trans-acting factors. In the F1 heterozygotes, these factors promote efficient repair of BALB/cAnPt IgH-C alpha gene sequences. The same sequences are poorly repaired in the BALB/cAnPt parental strain. Analysis of the strand specificity of repair indicates that both strand-selective and nonselective forms of repair determine repair efficiency at the gene level in nonimmortalized murine B lymphoblasts.