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Mol. Cell. Biol., 01 1995, 141-151, Vol 15, No. 1
BM Johansson and MV Wiles
Xenopus in vitro studies have implicated both transforming growth factor
beta (TGF-beta) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) families in mesoderm
induction. Although members of both families are present during mouse
mesoderm formation, there is little evidence for their functional role in
mesoderm induction. We show that mouse embryonic stem cells, which resemble
primitive ectoderm, can differentiate to mesoderm in vitro in a chemically
defined medium (CDM) in the absence of fetal bovine serum. In CDM, this
differentiation is responsive to TGF-beta family members in a
concentration-dependent manner, with activin A mediating the formation of
dorsoanterior-like mesoderm and bone morphogenetic protein 4 mediating the
formation of ventral mesoderm, including hematopoietic precursors. These
effects are not observed in CDM alone or when TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, or -beta
3, acid FGF, or basic FGF is added individually to CDM. In vivo, at day 6.5
of mouse development, activin beta A RNA is detectable in the decidua and
bone morphogenetic protein 4 RNA is detectable in the egg cylinder.
Together, our data strongly implicate the TGF-beta family in mammalian
mesoderm development and hematopoietic cell formation.
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Evidence for involvement of activin A and bone morphogenetic protein 4 in mammalian mesoderm and hematopoietic development
Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
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