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Mol. Cell. Biol., 11 1995, 5858-5867, Vol 15, No. 11
S Kato, H Sasaki, M Suzawa, S Masushige, L Tora, P Chambon and H Gronemeyer
We describe here a novel class of cis-acting response elements for
retinoid, vitamin D, and estrogen receptors which are widely spaced (10 to
200 bp) direct repeats (DRs) of the canonical 5'-AGGTCA half-site
recognition motif (DR10 to DR200). In contrast to the specificity
previously observed with shortly spaced DRs (DR1 to DR5), the different
receptors bind promiscuously to these novel elements to activate
transcription in the presence of retinoic acid (RA), vitamin D, or
estrogen. The greatest RA-dependent transactivation, seen with DR15, was
similar to that observed with the canonical DR5. Both RA receptors and
retinoid X receptors contribute to transactivation through widely spaced DR
elements. With the estrogen receptor, DR15 was one-third as efficient as
the classical palindromic response element. A further increase of spacer
lengths progressively decreased the efficiency of transactivation. No
transactivation was seen with widely spaced DRs when the thyroid and
retinoid X receptors were coexpressed in the presence of their ligands. The
progesterone receptor was also unable to transactivate through a DR10
element composed of its cognate binding motifs. These results considerably
extend the response element repertoire of nuclear receptors and suggest the
existence of promiscuous transcriptional regulation through common response
elements, as well as the possibility of receptor "cross-talk."
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Widely spaced, directly repeated PuGGTCA elements act as promiscuous enhancers for different classes of nuclear receptors
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Japan.
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