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Mol. Cell. Biol., 02 1995, 1110-1122, Vol 15, No. 2
AJ Ridley, PM Comoglio and A Hall
Scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor (SF/HGF) stimulates the motility of
epithelial cells, initially inducing centrifugal spreading of cell colonies
followed by disruption of cell-cell junctions and subsequent cell
scattering. These responses are accompanied by changes in the actin
cytoskeleton, including increased membrane ruffling and lamellipodium
extension, disappearance of peripheral actin bundles at the edges of
colonies, and an overall decrease in stress fibers. The roles of the small
GTP-binding proteins Ras, Rac, and Rho in regulating responses to SF/HGF
were investigated by microinjection. Inhibition of endogenous Ras proteins
prevented SF/HGF-induced actin reorganization, spreading, and scattering,
whereas microinjection of activated H-Ras protein stimulated spreading and
actin reorganization but not scattering. When a dominant inhibitor of Rac
was injected, SF/HGF- and Ras-induced spreading and actin reorganization
were prevented, although activated Rac alone did not stimulate either
response. Microinjection of activated Rho inhibited spreading and
scattering, while inhibition of Rho function led to the disappearance of
stress fibers and peripheral bundles but did not prevent SF/HGF-induced
motility. We conclude that Ras and Rac act downstream of the SF/HGF
receptor p190Met to mediate cell spreading but that an additional signal is
required to induce scattering.
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Regulation of scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor responses by Ras, Rac, and Rho in MDCK cells
Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, United Kingdom.
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