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Mol. Cell. Biol., 06 1995, 3273-3281, Vol 15, No. 6
M Centrella, S Casinghino, J Kim, T Pham, V Rosen, J Wozney and TL McCarthy
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a potent regulator of bone
formation, has bifunctional effects on osteoblast replication and
biochemical activity that appear differentiation dependent. We now show
that cell surface binding sites for TGF-beta vary markedly among
fibroblasts, bone-derived cells, and highly differentiated osteosarcoma
cultures from fetal rats. Expression of betaglycan and type II receptors
decline relative to type I receptor expression in parallel with an increase
in osteoblast-like activity, predicting that the ratio among various
TGF-beta binding sites could influence how its signals are perceived. Bone
morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), which induces osteoblast function, does
not alter TGF-beta binding or biochemical activity in fibroblasts and has
only small effects in less differentiated bone cells. In contrast, BMP-2
rapidly reduces TGF-beta binding to betaglycan and type II receptors in
osteoblast-enriched primary cell cultures and increases its relative
binding to type I receptors in these cells and in ROS 17/2.8 cultures.
Pretreatment with BMP-2 diminishes TGF-beta-induced DNA synthesis in
osteoblast-enriched cultures but synergistically enhances its stimulatory
effects on either collagen synthesis or alkaline phosphatase activity,
depending on the present state of bone cell differentiation. Therefore,
BMP-2 shifts the TGF-beta binding profile on bone cells in ways that are
consistent with progressive expression of osteoblast phenotype, and these
changes distinguish the biochemical effects mediated by each receptor. Our
observations indicate specific stepwise actions by TGF-beta family members
during osteoblast differentiation, developing in part from changes
imprinted by BMP-2 on TGF-beta receptor stoichiometry.
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Independent changes in type I and type II receptors for transforming growth factor beta induced by bone morphogenetic protein 2 parallel expression of the osteoblast phenotype
Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
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