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Mol. Cell. Biol., Apr 1996, 1687-1694, Vol 16, No. 4
GA Blobel and SH Orkin
Steroid hormones regulate diverse biological functions, including
programmed cell death (apoptosis). Although steroid receptors have been
studied extensively, relatively little is known regarding the cellular
targets through which apoptosis is triggered. We show here that the
ligand-activated estrogen receptor (ER) induces apoptosis in an erythroid
cell line by binding to, and consequently inhibiting the activity of,
GATA-1, an erythroid transcription factor essential for the survival and
maturation of erythroid precursor cells. GATA-1 inhibition is reflected in
the downregulation of presumptive GATA-1 target genes. Constitutive
overexpression of a GATA-binding protein resistant to the effects of the ER
partially rescues ER-induced apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis by a mutant
ER defective in binding to the estrogen response element but active in
GATA-1 inhibition suggests that ER-mediated inhibition of GATA-1 is direct
and does not require estrogen response element-dependent transcriptional
activation. Thus, a lineage-restricted transcription factor, such as
GATA-1, constitutes one cellular target through which steroid hormones may
control apoptosis. As GATA-binding proteins are evolutionarily conserved,
we speculate that members of the steroid receptor family may exert some of
their diverse biological functions in different cellular contexts through
interference with the function of GATA-binding proteins.
Copyright © 1996, American Society for Microbiology
Estrogen-induced apoptosis by inhibition of the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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