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Mol. Cell. Biol., 12 1997, 7248-7259, Vol 17, No. 12
JM Zimmet, D Ladd, CW Jackson, PE Stenberg and K Ravid
Platelets, essential for thrombosis and hemostasis, develop from polyploid
megakaryocytes which undergo endomitosis. During this cell cycle, cells
experience abrogated mitosis and reenter a phase of DNA synthesis, thus
leading to endomitosis. In the search for regulators of the endomitotic
cell cycle, we have identified cyclin D3 as an important regulatory factor.
Of the D-type cyclins, cyclin D3 is present at high levels in
megakaryocytes undergoing endomitosis and is markedly upregulated following
exposure to the proliferation-, maturation-, and ploidy-promoting factor,
Mpl ligand. Transgenic mice in which cyclin D3 is overexpressed in the
platelet lineage display a striking increase in endomitosis, similar to
changes seen following Mpl ligand administration to normal mice. Electron
microscopy analysis revealed that unlike such treated mice, however, D3
transgenic mice show a poor development of demarcation membranes, from
which platelets are believed to fragment, and no increase in platelets.
Thus, while our model supports a key role for cyclin D3 in the endomitotic
cell cycle, it also points to the unique role of Mpl ligand in priming
megakaryocytes towards platelet fragmentation. The role of cyclin D3 in
promoting endomitosis in other lineages programmed to abrogate mitosis will
need further exploration.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
A role for cyclin D3 in the endomitotic cell cycle
Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
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