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Mol. Cell. Biol., Mar 1997, 1201-1211, Vol 17, No. 3
R Kozma, S Sarner, S Ahmed and L Lim
Rho family GTPases have been assigned important roles in the formation of
actin-based morphologies in nonneuronal cells. Here we show that
microinjection of Cdc42Hs and Rac1 promoted formation of filopodia and
lamellipodia in N1E-115 neuroblastoma growth cones and along neurites.
These actin-containing structures were also induced by injection of
Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, which abolishes RhoA-mediated functions
such as neurite retraction. The C3 response was inhibited by coinjection
with the dominant negative mutant Cdc42Hs(T17N), while the Cdc42Hs response
could be competed by coinjection with RhoA. We also demonstrate that the
neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) can induce filopodia and lamellipodia
on neuroblastoma growth cones via muscarinic ACh receptor activation, but
only when applied in a concentration gradient. ACh-induced formation of
filopodia and lamellipodia was inhibited by preinjection with the dominant
negative mutants Cdc42Hs(T17N) and Rac1(T17N), respectively.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)- induced neurite retraction, which is mediated
by RhoA, was inhibited by ACh, while C3 exoenzyme-mediated neurite
outgrowth was inhibited by injection with Cdc42Hs(T17N) or Rac1(T17N).
Together these results suggest that there is competition between the ACh-
and LPA-induced morphological pathways mediated by Cdc42Hs and/or Rac1 and
by RhoA, leading to either neurite development or collapse.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
Rho family GTPases and neuronal growth cone remodelling: relationship between increased complexity induced by Cdc42Hs, Rac1, and acetylcholine and collapse induced by RhoA and lysophosphatidic acid
Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
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