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Mol. Cell. Biol., 07 1997, 4015-4023, Vol 17, No. 7
S Yoshida, M Ono, T Shono, H Izumi, T Ishibashi, H Suzuki and M Kuwano
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a macrophage/monocyte- derived
polypeptide which modulates the expression of various genes in vascular
endothelial cells and induces angiogenesis. However, the underlying
mechanism by which TNF-alpha mediates angiogenesis is not completely
understood. In this study, we assessed whether TNF-alpha- induced
angiogenesis is mediated through TNF-alpha itself or indirectly through
other TNF-alpha-induced angiogenesis-promoting factors. Cellular mRNA
levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),
basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and their receptors were increased
after the treatment of human microvascular endothelial cells with TNF-alpha
(100 U/ml). TNF-alpha-dependent tubular morphogenesis in vascular
endothelial cells was inhibited by the administration of anti-IL-8,
anti-VEGF, and anti-bFGF antibodies, and coadministration of all three
antibodies almost completely abrogated tubular formation. Moreover,
treatment with Sp1, NF-kappaB, and c-Jun antisense oligonucleotides
inhibited TNF-alpha-dependent tubular morphogenesis by microvascular
endothelial cells. Administration of a NF-kappaB antisense oligonucleotide
almost completely inhibited TNF-alpha-dependent IL-8 production and
partially abrogated TNF-alpha-dependent VEGF production, and an Sp1
antisense sequence partially inhibited TNF-alpha-dependent production of
VEGF. A c-Jun antisense oligonucleotide significantly inhibited TNF-alpha-
dependent bFGF production but did not affect the production of IL-8 and
VEGF. Administration of an anti-IL-8 or anti-VEGF antibody also blocked
TNF-alpha-induced neovascularization in the rabbit cornea in vivo. Thus,
angiogenesis by TNF-alpha appears to be modulated through various
angiogenic factors, both in vitro and in vivo, and this pathway is
controlled through paracrine and/or autocrine mechanisms.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
Involvement of interleukin-8, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor in tumor necrosis factor alpha-dependent angiogenesis
Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
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