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Mol. Cell. Biol., 01 1998, 141-151, Vol 18, No. 1
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology

Mutations of the Drosophila dDP, dE2F, and cyclin E genes reveal distinct roles for the E2F-DP transcription factor and cyclin E during the G1-S transition

RJ Duronio, PC Bonnette and PH O'Farrell
Department of Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA. duronio@med.unc.edu

Activation of heterodimeric E2F-DP transcription factors can drive the G1-S transition. Mutation of the Drosophila melanogaster dE2F gene eliminates transcriptional activation of several replication factors at the G1-S transition and compromises DNA replication. Here we describe a mutation in the Drosophila dDP gene. As expected for a defect in the dE2F partner, this mutation blocks G1-S transcription of DmRNR2 and cyclin E as previously described for mutations of dE2F. Mutation of dDP also causes an incomplete block of DNA replication. When S phase is compromised by reducing the activity of dE2F-dDP by either a dE2F or dDP mutation, the first phenotype detected is a reduction in the intensity of BrdU incorporation and a prolongation of the labeling. Notably, in many cells, there was no detected delay in entry into this compromised S phase. In contrast, when cyclin E function was reduced by a hypomorphic allele combination, BrdU incorporation was robust but the timing of S-phase entry was delayed. We suggest that dE2F-dDP contributes to the expression of two classes of gene products: replication factors, whose abundance has a graded effect on replication, and cyclin E, which triggers an all-or-nothing transition from G1 to S phase.

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