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Mol. Cell. Biol., 01 1998, 409-419, Vol 18, No. 1
L Deleu, F Fuks, D Spitkovsky, R Horlein, S Faisst and J Rommelaere
The minute virus of mice, an autonomous parvovirus, requires entry of host
cells into the S phase of the cell cycle for its DNA to be amplified and
its genes expressed. This work focuses on the P4 promoter of this
parvovirus, which directs expression of the transcription unit encoding the
parvoviral nonstructural polypeptides. These notably include protein NS1,
necessary for the S-phase-dependent burst of parvoviral DNA amplification
and gene expression. The activity of the P4 promoter is shown to be
regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. At the G1/S-phase transition,
the promoter is activated via a cis- acting DNA element which interacts
with phase-specific complexes containing the cellular transcription factor
E2F. It is inhibited, on the other hand, in cells arrested in G1 due to
contact inhibition. This inhibitory effect is not observed in serum-starved
cells. It is mediated in cis by cyclic AMP response elements (CREs). Unlike
serum- starved cells, confluent cells accumulate the cyclin-dependent
kinase inhibitor p27, suggesting that the switch from CRE-mediated
activation to CRE-mediated repression involves the p27 protein.
Accordingly, plasmid-driven overexpression of p27 causes down-modulation of
promoter P4 in growing cells, depending on the presence of at least two
functional CREs. No such effect is observed with two other cyclin-
dependent kinase inhibitors, p16 and p21. Given the importance of P4-
driven synthesis of protein NS1 in parvoviral DNA amplification and gene
expression, the stringent S-phase dependency of promoter P4 is likely a
major determinant of the absolute requirement of the minute virus of mice
for host cell proliferation.
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology
Opposite transcriptional effects of cyclic AMP-responsive elements in confluent or p27KIP-overexpressing cells versus serum-starved or growing cells
Applied Tumor Virology, Abteilung 0610 and Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U 375, Heidelberg, Germany.
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