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Mol. Cell. Biol., 01 1998, 85-92, Vol 18, No. 1
RE Barrington, MA Subler, E Rands, CA Omer, PJ Miller, JE Hundley, SK Koester, DA Troyer, DJ Bearss, MW Conner, JB Gibbs, K Hamilton, KS Koblan, SD Mosser, TJ O'Neill, MD Schaber, ET Senderak, JJ Windle, A Oliff and NE Kohl
The farnesyltransferase inhibitor L-744,832 selectively blocks the
transformed phenotype of cultured cells expressing a mutated H-ras gene and
induces dramatic regression of mammary and salivary carcinomas in mouse
mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-v-Ha-ras transgenic mice. To better understand
how the farnesyltransferase inhibitors might be used in the treatment of
human tumors, we have further explored the mechanisms by which L-744,832
induces tumor regression in a variety of transgenic mouse tumor models. We
assessed whether L-744,832 induces apoptosis or alterations in cell cycle
distribution and found that the tumor regression in MMTV-v-Ha-ras mice
could be attributed entirely to elevation of apoptosis levels. In contrast,
treatment with doxorubicin, which induces apoptosis in many tumor types,
had a minimal effect on apoptosis in these tumors and resulted in a less
dramatic tumor response. To determine whether functional p53 is required
for L-744,832- induced apoptosis and the resultant tumor regression,
MMTV-v-Ha-ras mice were interbred with p53(-/-) mice. Tumors in
ras/p53(-/-) mice treated with L-744,832 regressed as efficiently as
MMTV-v-Ha-ras tumors, although this response was found to be mediated by
both the induction of apoptosis and an increase in G1 with a corresponding
decrease in the S-phase fraction. MMTV-v-Ha-ras mice were also interbred
with MMTV-c-myc mice to determine whether ras/myc tumors, which possess
high levels of spontaneous apoptosis, have the potential to regress through
a further increase in apoptosis levels. The ras/myc tumors were found to
respond nearly as efficiently to L-744,832 treatment as the MMTV-v-Ha-ras
tumors, although no induction of apoptosis was observed. Rather, the tumor
regression in the ras/myc mice was found to be mediated by a large
reduction in the S-phase fraction. In contrast, treatment of transgenic
mice harboring an activated MMTV-c-neu gene did not result in tumor
regression. These results demonstrate that a farnesyltransferase inhibitor
can induce regression of v-Ha-ras-bearing tumors by multiple mechanisms,
including the activation of a suppressed apoptotic pathway, which is
largely p53 independent, or by cell cycle alterations, depending upon the
presence of various other oncogenic genetic alterations.
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology
A farnesyltransferase inhibitor induces tumor regression in transgenic mice harboring multiple oncogenic mutations by mediating alterations in both cell cycle control and apoptosis
Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78284, USA.
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