Selective Regulation of Apoptosis: the Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Serpin Proteinase Inhibitor 9 Protects against Granzyme B-Mediated Apoptosis without Perturbing the Fas Cell Death Pathway

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Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1998, p. 6387-6398, Vol. 18, No. 11
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Selective Regulation of Apoptosis: the Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Serpin Proteinase Inhibitor 9 Protects against Granzyme B-Mediated Apoptosis without Perturbing the Fas Cell Death Pathway

Catherina H. Bird,¹ Vivien R. Sutton,² Jiuru Sun,¹ Claire E. Hirst,¹ Andrea Novak,¹ Sharad Kumar,³ Joseph A. Trapani,² and Phillip I. Bird¹^,^*

Department of Medicine, Monash Medical School, Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill 3128,¹ Cellular Cytotoxicity Laboratory, Austin Research Institute, Heidelberg 3084,² and Hanson Centre for Cancer Research, Adelaide 5000,³ Australia

Received 26 May 1998/Returned for modification 6 August 1998/Accepted 17 August 1998

Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CLs) induce caspase activation and apoptosis of target cells either through Fas activation or throughrelease of granule cytotoxins, particularly granzyme B. CLs themselvesresist granule-mediated apoptosis but are eventually cleared viaFas-mediated apoptosis. Here we show that the CL cytoplasmic serpinproteinase inhibitor 9 (PI-9) can protect transfected cells againstapoptosis induced by either purified granzyme B and perforin orintact CLs. A PI-9 P₁ mutant (Glu to Asp) is a 100-fold-less-efficientgranzyme B inhibitor that no longer protects against granzymeB-mediated apoptosis. PI-9 is highly specific for granzyme B becauseit does not inhibit eight of the nine caspases tested or protecttransfected cells against Fas-mediated apoptosis. In contrast,the P₁(Asp) mutant is an effective caspase inhibitor that protectsagainst Fas-mediated apoptosis. We propose that PI-9 shields CLsspecifically against misdirected granzyme B to prevent autolysisor fratricide, but it does not interfere with homeostatic deletionvia Fas-mediated apoptosis.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, Monash Medical School, Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill 3128, Australia.Phone: 61 3 9895 0316. Fax: 61 3 9895 0332. E-mail: philb{at}boxhill.med.monash.edu.au.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1998, p. 6387-6398, Vol. 18, No. 11
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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