Homologous Recombination, but Not DNA Repair, Is Reduced in Vertebrate Cells Deficient in RAD52

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Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1998, p. 6430-6435, Vol. 18, No. 11
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Homologous Recombination, but Not DNA Repair, Is Reduced in Vertebrate Cells Deficient in RAD52

Yuko Yamaguchi-Iwai,¹ Eiichiro Sonoda,¹ Jean-Marie Buerstedde,²^, Olga Bezzubova,²^, Ciaran Morrison,¹ Minoru Takata,¹ Akira Shinohara,³^, and Shunichi Takeda¹^,^*

Bayer-chair Department of Molecular Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501,¹ and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043,³ Japan, and Basel Institute for Immunology, CH-4005 Basel, Switzerland²

Received 30 April 1998/Returned for modification 1 June 1998/Accepted 27 July 1998

Rad52 plays a pivotal role in double-strand break (DSB) repair and genetic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wheremutation of this gene leads to extreme X-ray sensitivity and defectiverecombination. Yeast Rad51 and Rad52 interact, as do their humanhomologues, which stimulates Rad51-mediated DNA strand exchangein vitro, suggesting that Rad51 and Rad52 act cooperatively. Todefine the role of Rad52 in vertebrates, we generated RAD52^/ mutants of the chicken B-cell line DT40. Surprisingly, RAD52^/ cells were not hypersensitive to DNA damages induced by $gamma$ -irradiation,methyl methanesulfonate, or cis-platinum(II)diammine dichloride(cisplatin). Intrachromosomal recombination, measured by immunoglobulingene conversion, and radiation-induced Rad51 nuclear focus formation,which is a putative intermediate step during recombinational repair,occurred as frequently in RAD52^/ cells as in wild-type cells. Targeted integration frequencies,however, were consistently reduced in RAD52^/ cells, showing a clear role for Rad52 in genetic recombination.These findings reveal striking differences between S. cerevisiaeand vertebrates in the functions of RAD51 and RAD52.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Bayer-chair Department of Molecular Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine,Kyoto University, Konoe Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.Phone: 81-75-771-8159. Fax: 81-75-771-8184. E-mail: stakeda{at}mfour.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

Present address: Department of Cellular Immunology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.

Present address: Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1998, p. 6430-6435, Vol. 18, No. 11
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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