This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Robertson, K. D.
Right arrow Articles by Jones, P. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Robertson, K. D.
Right arrow Articles by Jones, P. A.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1998, p. 6457-6473, Vol. 18, No. 11
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Human ARF Cell Cycle Regulatory Gene Promoter Is a CpG Island Which Can Be Silenced by DNA Methylation and Down-Regulated by Wild-Type p53

Keith D. Robertson and Peter A. Jones*

Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033

Received 21 April 1998/Returned for modification 24 May 1998/Accepted 6 August 1998

The INK4a/ARF locus encodes two proteins involved in tumor suppression in a manner virtually unique in mammalian cells. Distinct first exons, driven from separate promoters, splice onto a common exon 2 and 3 but utilize different reading frames to produce two completely distinct proteins, both of which play roles in cell cycle control. INK4a, a critical element of the retinoblastoma gene pathway, binds to and inhibits the activities of CDK4 and CDK6, while ARF, a critical element of the p53 pathway, increases the level of functional p53 via interaction with MDM2. Here we clone and characterize the promoter of the human ARF gene and show that it is a CpG island characteristic of a housekeeping gene which contains numerous Sp1 sites. Both ARF and INK4a are coordinately expressed in cells except when their promoter regions become de novo methylated. In one of these situations, ARF transcription could be reactivated by treatment with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, and the reactivation kinetics of ARF and INK4a were found to differ slightly in a cell line in which both genes were silenced by methylation. The ARF promoter was also found to be highly responsive to E2F1 expression, in keeping with previous results at the RNA level. Lastly, transcription from the ARF promoter was down-regulated by wild-type p53 expression, and the magnitude of the effect correlated with the status of the endogenous p53 gene. This finding points to the existence of an autoregulatory feedback loop between p53, MDM2, and ARF, aimed at keeping p53 levels in check.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Ave., MS 83, Los Angeles, CA 90033. Phone: (323) 865-0816. Fax: (323) 865-0102. E-mail: jones_p{at}froggy.hsc.usc.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1998, p. 6457-6473, Vol. 18, No. 11
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Pimkina, J., Humbey, O., Zilfou, J. T., Jarnik, M., Murphy, M. E. (2009). ARF Induces Autophagy by Virtue of Interaction with Bcl-xl. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 2803-2810 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Humbey, O., Pimkina, J., Zilfou, J. T., Jarnik, M., Dominguez-Brauer, C., Burgess, D. J., Eischen, C. M., Murphy, M. E. (2008). The ARF Tumor Suppressor Can Promote the Progression of Some Tumors. Cancer Res. 68: 9608-9613 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Benanti, J. A., Wang, M. L., Myers, H. E., Robinson, K. L., Grandori, C., Galloway, D. A. (2007). Epigenetic Down-Regulation of ARF Expression Is a Selection Step in Immortalization of Human Fibroblasts by c-Myc. Mol Cancer Res 5: 1181-1189 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Timmers, C., Sharma, N., Opavsky, R., Maiti, B., Wu, L., Wu, J., Orringer, D., Trikha, P., Saavedra, H. I., Leone, G. (2007). E2f1, E2f2, and E2f3 Control E2F Target Expression and Cellular Proliferation via a p53-Dependent Negative Feedback Loop. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27: 65-78 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wen, R., Chen, Y., Bai, L., Fu, G., Schuman, J., Dai, X., Zeng, H., Yang, C., Stephan, R. P., Cleveland, J. L., Wang, D. (2006). Essential Role of Phospholipase C{gamma}2 in Early B-Cell Development and Myc-Mediated Lymphomagenesis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 26: 9364-9376 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wallner, M., Herbst, A., Behrens, A., Crispin, A., Stieber, P., Goke, B., Lamerz, R., Kolligs, F. T. (2006). Methylation of Serum DNA Is an Independent Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 7347-7352 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Carr, J., Bell, E., Pearson, A. D.J., Kees, U. R., Beris, H., Lunec, J., Tweddle, D. A. (2006). Increased Frequency of Aberrations in the p53/MDM2/p14ARF Pathway in Neuroblastoma Cell Lines Established at Relapse. Cancer Res. 66: 2138-2145 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Laud, K, Marian, C, Avril, M F, Barrois, M, Chompret, A, Goldstein, A M, Tucker, M A, Clark, P A, Peters, G, Chaudru, V, Demenais, F, Spatz, A, Smith, M W, Lenoir, G M, Bressac-de Paillerets, B, French Hereditary Melanoma Study Group, (2006). Comprehensive analysis of CDKN2A (p16INK4A/p14ARF) and CDKN2B genes in 53 melanoma index cases considered to be at heightened risk of melanoma. J. Med. Genet. 43: 39-47 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Matheu, A., Klatt, P., Serrano, M. (2005). Regulation of the INK4a/ARF Locus by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 42433-42441 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhao, Y., Tan, J., Zhuang, L., Jiang, X., Liu, E. T., Yu, Q. (2005). Inhibitors of histone deacetylases target the Rb-E2F1 pathway for apoptosis induction through activation of proapoptotic protein Bim. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 16090-16095 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, Z., Stanelle, J., Leurs, C., Hanenberg, H., Putzer, B. M. (2005). Selection of novel mediators of E2F1-induced apoptosis through retroviral expression of an antisense cDNA library. Nucleic Acids Res 33: 2813-2821 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Novy, M., Pohn, R., Andorfer, P., Novy-Weiland, T., Galos, B., Schwarzmayr, L., Rotheneder, H. (2005). EAPP, a Novel E2F Binding Protein That Modulates E2F-dependent Transcription. Mol. Biol. Cell 16: 2181-2190 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Attwooll, C., Oddi, S., Cartwright, P., Prosperini, E., Agger, K., Steensgaard, P., Wagener, C., Sardet, C., Moroni, M. C., Helin, K. (2005). A Novel Repressive E2F6 Complex Containing the Polycomb Group Protein, EPC1, That Interacts with EZH2 in a Proliferation-specific Manner. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 1199-1208 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fortin, A., MacLaurin, J. G., Arbour, N., Cregan, S. P., Kushwaha, N., Callaghan, S. M., Park, D. S., Albert, P. R., Slack, R. S. (2004). The Proapoptotic Gene SIVA Is a Direct Transcriptional Target for the Tumor Suppressors p53 and E2F1. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 28706-28714 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Saegusa, M., Hashimura, M., Kuwata, T., Hamano, M., Okayasu, I. (2004). {beta}-Catenin Simultaneously Induces Activation of the p53-p21WAF1 Pathway and Overexpression of Cyclin D1 during Squamous Differentiation of Endometrial Carcinoma Cells. Am. J. Pathol. 164: 1739-1749 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rogoff, H. A., Pickering, M. T., Frame, F. M., Debatis, M. E., Sanchez, Y., Jones, S., Kowalik, T. F. (2004). Apoptosis Associated with Deregulated E2F Activity Is Dependent on E2F1 and Atm/Nbs1/Chk2. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 2968-2977 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wynter, C V A, Walsh, M D, Higuchi, T, Leggett, B A, Young, J, Jass, J R (2004). Methylation patterns define two types of hyperplastic polyp associated with colorectal cancer. Gut 53: 573-580 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hershko, T., Ginsberg, D. (2004). Up-regulation of Bcl-2 Homology 3 (BH3)-only Proteins by E2F1 Mediates Apoptosis. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 8627-8634 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Huang, Y., Tyler, T., Saadatmandi, N., Lee, C., Borgstrom, P., Gjerset, R. A. (2003). Enhanced Tumor Suppression by a p14ARF/p53 Bicistronic Adenovirus through Increased p53 Protein Translation and Stability. Cancer Res. 63: 3646-3653 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kim, D.-H., Kim, J. S., Ji, Y.-I., Shim, Y. M., Kim, H., Han, J., Park, J. (2003). Hypermethylation of RASSF1A Promoter Is Associated with the Age at Starting Smoking and a Poor Prognosis in Primary Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res. 63: 3743-3746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Klump, B., Hsieh, C.-J., Dette, S., Holzmann, K., Kiesslich, R., Jung, M., Sinn, U., Ortner, M., Porschen, R., Gregor, M. (2003). Promoter Methylation of INK4a/ARF As Detected in Bile-Significance for the Differential Diagnosis in Biliary Disease. Clin. Cancer Res. 9: 1773-1778 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tam, A. S., Devereux, T. R., Patel, A. C., Foley, J. F., Maronpot, R. R., Massey, T. E. (2003). Perturbations of the Ink4a/Arf gene locus in aflatoxin B1-induced mouse lung tumors. Carcinogenesis 24: 121-132 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Huot, T. J., Rowe, J., Harland, M., Drayton, S., Brookes, S., Gooptu, C., Purkis, P., Fried, M., Bataille, V., Hara, E., Newton-Bishop, J., Peters, G. (2002). Biallelic Mutations in p16INK4a Confer Resistance to Ras- and Ets-Induced Senescence in Human Diploid Fibroblasts. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 8135-8143 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nguyen, C. T., Weisenberger, D. J., Velicescu, M., Gonzales, F. A., Lin, J. C. Y., Liang, G., Jones, P. A. (2002). Histone H3-Lysine 9 Methylation Is Associated with Aberrant Gene Silencing in Cancer Cells and Is Rapidly Reversed by 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Cancer Res. 62: 6456-6461 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Krempler, A., Henry, M. D., Triplett, A. A., Wagner, K.-U. (2002). Targeted Deletion of the Tsg101 Gene Results in Cell Cycle Arrest at G1/S and p53-independent Cell Death. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 43216-43223 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tao, Q., Huang, H., Geiman, T. M., Lim, C. Y., Fu, L., Qiu, G.-H., Robertson, K. D. (2002). Defective de novo methylation of viral and cellular DNA sequences in ICF syndrome cells. Hum Mol Genet 11: 2091-2102 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rogoff, H. A., Pickering, M. T., Debatis, M. E., Jones, S., Kowalik, T. F. (2002). E2F1 Induces Phosphorylation of p53 That Is Coincident with p53 Accumulation and Apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 5308-5318 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lingbeek, M. E., Jacobs, J. J. L., van Lohuizen, M. (2002). The T-box Repressors TBX2 and TBX3 Specifically Regulate the Tumor Suppressor Gene p14ARF via a Variant T-site in the Initiator. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 26120-26127 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ballestar, E., Esteller, M. (2002). The impact of chromatin in human cancer: linking DNA methylation to gene silencing. Carcinogenesis 23: 1103-1109 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • MacLachlan, T. K., Takimoto, R., El-Deiry, W. S. (2002). BRCA1 Directs a Selective p53-Dependent Transcriptional Response towards Growth Arrest and DNA Repair Targets. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 4280-4292 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ren, B., Cam, H., Takahashi, Y., Volkert, T., Terragni, J., Young, R. A., Dynlacht, B. D. (2002). E2F integrates cell cycle progression with DNA repair, replication, and G2/M checkpoints. Genes Dev. 16: 245-256 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Eischen, C. M., Roussel, M. F., Korsmeyer, S. J., Cleveland, J. L. (2001). Bax Loss Impairs Myc-Induced Apoptosis and Circumvents the Selection of p53 Mutations during Myc-Mediated Lymphomagenesis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 7653-7662 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nguyen, C. T., Gonzales, F. A., Jones, P. A. (2001). Altered chromatin structure associated with methylation-induced gene silencing in cancer cells: correlation of accessibility, methylation, MeCP2 binding and acetylation. Nucleic Acids Res 29: 4598-4606 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yang, C.-T., You, L., Uematsu, K., Yeh, C.-C., McCormick, F., Jablons, D. M. (2001). p14ARF Modulates the Cytolytic Effect of ONYX-015 in Mesothelioma Cells with Wild-type p53. Cancer Res. 61: 5959-5963 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hyun Song, S., Jong, H.-S., Choi, H. H., Inoue, H., Tanabe, T., Kim, N. K., Bang, Y.-J. (2001). Transcriptional Silencing of Cyclooxygenase-2 by Hyper-methylation of the 5' CpG Island in Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Res. 61: 4628-4635 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Costello, J. F, Plass, C. (2001). Methylation matters. J. Med. Genet. 38: 285-303 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Magdinier, F., Wolffe, A. P. (2001). Selective association of the methyl-CpG binding protein MBD2 with the silent p14/p16 locus in human neoplasia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073/pnas.101617298v1 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Esteller, M., Cordon-Cardo, C., Corn, P. G., Meltzer, S. J., Pohar, K. S., Watkins, D. N., Capella, G., Peinado, M. A., Matias-Guiu, X., Prat, J., Baylin, S. B., Herman, J. G. (2001). p14ARF Silencing by Promoter Hypermethylation Mediates Abnormal Intracellular Localization of MDM2. Cancer Res. 61: 2816-2821 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Esteller, M., Corn, P. G., Baylin, S. B., Herman, J. G. (2001). A Gene Hypermethylation Profile of Human Cancer. Cancer Res. 61: 3225-3229 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Eads, C. A., Lord, R. V., Wickramasinghe, K., Long, T. I., Kurumboor, S. K., Bernstein, L., Peters, J. H., DeMeester, S. R., DeMeester, T. R., Skinner, K. A., Laird, P. W. (2001). Epigenetic Patterns in the Progression of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 61: 3410-3418 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kim, D.-H., Nelson, H. H., Wiencke, J. K., Zheng, S., Christiani, D. C., Wain, J. C., Mark, E. J., Kelsey, K. T. (2001). p16INK4a and Histology-specific Methylation of CpG Islands by Exposure to Tobacco Smoke in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res. 61: 3419-3424 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Randerson-Moor, J. A., Harland, M., Williams, S., Cuthbert-Heavens, D., Sheridan, E., Aveyard, J., Sibley, K., Whitaker, L., Knowles, M., Newton Bishop, J., Bishop, D. T. (2001). A germline deletion of p14ARF but not CDKN2A in a melanoma-neural system tumour syndrome family. Hum Mol Genet 10: 55-62 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jenab-Wolcott, J., Rodriguez-Correa, D., Reitmair, A. H., Mak, T., Rosenberg, N. (2000). The Absence of Msh2 Alters Abelson Virus Pre-B-Cell Transformation by Influencing p53 Mutation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 8373-8381 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zheng, S., Chen, P., McMillan, A., Lafuente, A., Lafuente, M. J., Ballesta, A., Trias, M., Wiencke, J. K. (2000). Correlations of partial and extensive methylation at the p14ARF locus with reduced mRNA expression in colorectal cancer cell lines and clinicopathological features in primary tumors. Carcinogenesis 21: 2057-2064 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mostecki, J., Halgren, A., Radfar, A., Sachs, Z., Ravitz, J., Thome, K. C., Rosenberg, N. (2000). Loss of Heterozygosity at the Ink4a/Arf Locus Facilitates Abelson Virus Transformation of Pre-B Cells. J. Virol. 74: 9479-9487 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Inoue, K., Wen, R., Rehg, J. E., Adachi, M., Cleveland, J. L., Roussel, M. F., Sherr, C. J. (2000). Disruption of the ARF transcriptional activator DMP1 facilitates cell immortalization, Ras transformation, and tumorigenesis. Genes Dev. 14: 1797-1809 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sarkar, S., Jülicher, K. P., Burger, M. S., Della Valle, V., Larsen, C.-J., Yeager, T. R., Grossman, T. B., Nickells, R. W., Protzel, C., Jarrard, D. F., Reznikoff, C. A. (2000). Different Combinations of Genetic/Epigenetic Alterations Inactivate the p53 and pRb Pathways in Invasive Human Bladder Cancers. Cancer Res. 60: 3862-3871 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Itoshima, T., Fujiwara, T., Waku, T., Shao, J., Kataoka, M., Yarbrough, W. G., Liu, T.-J., Roth, J. A., Tanaka, N., Kodama, M. (2000). Induction of Apoptosis in Human Esophageal Cancer Cells by Sequential Transfer of the Wild-Type p53 and E2F-1 Genes: Involvement of p53 Accumulation via ARF-mediated MDM2 Down-Regulation. Clin. Cancer Res. 6: 2851-2859 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pinyol, M., Hernandez, L., Martinez, A., Cobo, F., Hernandez, S., Bea, S., Lopez-Guillermo, A., Nayach, I., Palacin, A., Nadal, A., Fernandez, P. L., Montserrat, E., Cardesa, A., Campo, E. (2000). INK4a/ARF Locus Alterations in Human Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas Mainly Occur in Tumors with Wild-Type p53 Gene. Am. J. Pathol. 156: 1987-1996 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yang, C.-T., You, L., Yeh, C.-C., Chang, J. W.-C., Zhang, F., McCormick, F., Jablons, D. M. (2000). Adenovirus-Mediated p14ARF Gene Transfer in Human Mesothelioma Cells. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 92: 636-641 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Malumbres, M., Pérez De Castro, I., Hernández, M. I., Jiménez, M., Corral, T., Pellicer, A. (2000). Cellular Response to Oncogenic Ras Involves Induction of the Cdk4 and Cdk6 Inhibitor p15INK4b. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 2915-2925 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Melendez, B., Malumbres, M., de Castro, I. P., Santos, J., Pellicer, A., Fernandez-Piqueras, J. (2000). Characterization of the murine p19ARF promoter CpG island and its methylation pattern in primary lymphomas. Carcinogenesis 21: 817-821 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Iwato, M., Tachibana, O., Tohma, Y., Arakawa, Y., Nitta, H., Hasegawa, M., Yamashita, J., Hayashi, Y. (2000). Alterations of the INK4a/ARF Locus in Human Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors. Cancer Res. 60: 2113-2115 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Koziczak, M., Krek, W., Nagamine, Y. (2000). Pocket Protein-Independent Repression of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Gene Expression by E2F1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 2014-2022 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Allan, L. A., Duhig, T., Read, M., Fried, M. (2000). The p21WAF1/CIP1 Promoter Is Methylated in Rat-1 Cells: Stable Restoration of p53-Dependent p21WAF1/CIP1 Expression after Transfection of a Genomic Clone Containing the p21WAF1/CIP1 Gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 1291-1298 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pogribny, I. P., Pogribna, M., Christman, J. K., James, S. J. (2000). Single-Site Methylation within the p53 Promoter Region Reduces Gene Expression in a Reporter Gene Construct: Possible in Vivo Relevance during Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 60: 588-594 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Santoso, B., Ortiz, B. D., Winoto, A. (2000). Control of Organ-specific Demethylation by an Element of the T-cell Receptor-alpha Locus Control Region. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 1952-1958 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dimri, G. P., Itahana, K., Acosta, M., Campisi, J. (2000). Regulation of a Senescence Checkpoint Response by the E2F1 Transcription Factor and p14ARF Tumor Suppressor. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 273-285 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Esteller, M., Tortola, S., Toyota, M., Capella, G., Peinado, M. A., Baylin, S. B., Herman, J. G. (2000). Hypermethylation-associated Inactivation of p14ARF Is Independent of p16INK4a Methylation and p53 Mutational Status. Cancer Res. 60: 129-133 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ichimura, K., Bolin, M. B., Goike, H. M., Schmidt, E. E., Moshref, A., Collins, V. P. (2000). Deregulation of the p14ARF/MDM2/p53 Pathway Is a Prerequisite for Human Astrocytic Gliomas with G1-S Transition Control Gene Abnormalities. Cancer Res. 60: 417-424 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mortensen, K., Skouv, J., Hougaard, D. M., Larsson, L.-I. (1999). Endogenous Endothelial Cell Nitric-oxide Synthase Modulates Apoptosis in Cultured Breast Cancer Cells and Is Transcriptionally Regulated by p53. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 37679-37684 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhu, J. W., DeRyckere, D., Li, F. X., Wan, Y. Y., DeGregori, J. (1999). A Role for E2F1 in the Induction of ARF, p53, and Apoptosis during Thymic Negative Selection. Cell Growth Differ. 10: 829-838 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Waheed, I., Guo, Z. S., Chen, G. A., Weiser, T. S., Nguyen, D. M., Schrump, D. S. (1999). Antisense to SV40 Early Gene Region Induces Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in T-Antigen-positive Human Pleural Mesothelioma Cells. Cancer Res. 59: 6068-6073 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Xing, E. P., Nie, Y., Song, Y., Yang, G.-Y., Cai, Y. C., Wang, L.-D., Yang, C. S. (1999). Mechanisms of Inactivation of p14ARF, p15INK4b, and p16INK4a Genes in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 2704-2713 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vigo, E., Muller, H., Prosperini, E., Hateboer, G., Cartwright, P., Moroni, M. C., Helin, K. (1999). CDC25A Phosphatase Is a Target of E2F and Is Required for Efficient E2F-Induced S Phase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 6379-6395 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maestro, R., Tos, A. P. D., Hamamori, Y., Krasnokutsky, S., Sartorelli, V., Kedes, L., Doglioni, C., Beach, D. H., Hannon, G. J. (1999). twist is a potential oncogene that inhibits apoptosis. Genes Dev. 13: 2207-2217 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Baur, A. S., Shaw, P., Burri, N., Delacretaz, F., Bosman, F. T., Chaubert, P. (1999). Frequent Methylation Silencing of p15INK4b (MTS2) and p16INK4a (MTS1) in B-Cell and T-Cell Lymphomas. Blood 94: 1773-1781 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mitra, J., Dai, C. Y., Somasundaram, K., El-Deiry, W. S., Satyamoorthy, K., Herlyn, M., Enders, G. H. (1999). Induction of p21WAF1/CIP1 and Inhibition of Cdk2 Mediated by the Tumor Suppressor p16INK4a. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 3916-3928 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kamijo, T., Bodner, S., van de Kamp, E., Randle, D. H., Sherr, C. J. (1999). Tumor Spectrum in ARF-deficient Mice. Cancer Res. 59: 2217-2222 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lee, C. T., Capodieci, P., Osman, I., Fazzari, M., Ferrara, J., Scher, H. I., Cordon-Cardo, C. (1999). Overexpression of the Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 Is Associated with Tumor Recurrence in Human Prostate Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 977-983 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Johnson, R. A., Ince, T. A., Scotto, K. W. (2001). Transcriptional Repression by p53 through Direct Binding to a Novel DNA Element. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 27716-27720 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • MacLachlan, T. K., Dash, B. C., Dicker, D. T., El-Deiry, W. S. (2000). Repression of BRCA1 through a Feedback Loop Involving p53. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 31869-31875 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Calabro, V., Mansueto, G., Parisi, T., Vivo, M., Calogero, R. A., La Mantia, G. (2002). The Human MDM2 Oncoprotein Increases the Transcriptional Activity and the Protein Level of the p53 Homolog p63. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 2674-2681 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Campanero, M. R., Armstrong, M. I., Flemington, E. K. (2000). CpG methylation as a mechanism for the regulation of E2F activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 6481-6486 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Magdinier, F., Wolffe, A. P. (2001). Selective association of the methyl-CpG binding protein MBD2 with the silent p14/p16 locus in human neoplasia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 4990-4995 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»