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Mol Cell Biol, July 1998, p. 3871-3879, Vol. 18, No. 7
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification and Characterization of a Constitutively Active STAT5 Mutant That Promotes Cell Proliferation

Mayumi Onishi,1 dagger Tetsuya Nosaka,2 Kazuhide Misawa,2 Alice L.-F. Mui,3 Daniel Gorman,3 Martin McMahon,1 Atsushi Miyajima,4 and Toshio Kitamura2 *

Departments of Cell Signaling1 and Molecular Biology,3 DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Palo Alto, California 94304, and Department of Hemopoietic Factors, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108,2 and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113,4 Japan.

Received 1 December 1997/Returned for modification 27 January 1998/Accepted 31 March 1998

STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) proteins are transcription factors which are activated by phosphorylation on tyrosine residues upon stimulation by cytokines. Seven members of the STAT family are known, including the closely related STAT5A and STAT5B, which are activated by various cytokines. Except for prolactin-dependent beta -casein production in mammary gland cells, the biological consequences of STAT5 activation in various systems are not clear. We applied PCR-driven random mutagenesis and a retrovirus-mediated expression screening system to identify constitutively active forms of STAT5. By this strategy, we have identified a constitutively active STAT5 mutant which has two amino acid substitutions; one is located upstream of the putative DNA binding domain (H299R), and the other is located in the transactivation domain (S711F). The mutant STAT5 was constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine residues, localized in the nucleus, and was transcriptionally active. Expression of the mutant STAT5 partially dispenses with interleukin 3 (IL-3) as a growth stimulant of IL-3-dependent cell lines. Further analyses of the mutant STAT5 have demonstrated that both of the mutations are required for nuclear localization, efficient transcriptional activation, and induction of IL-3-independent growth of an IL-3-dependent cell line, Ba/F3, and have indicated that a molecular basis for the constitutive activation is the stability of the phosphorylated form of the mutant STAT5.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Hemopoietic Factors, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5449-5758. Fax: 81-3-5449-5453. E-mail: kitamura{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

dagger Present address: Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.

Mol Cell Biol, July 1998, p. 3871-3879, Vol. 18, No. 7
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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