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Mol Cell Biol, August 1998, p. 4783-4792, Vol. 18, No. 8
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Yeast Ty1 Retrotransposition Is Stimulated by a Synergistic Interaction between Mutations in Chromatin Assembly Factor I and Histone Regulatory Proteins

Zhijian Qian,1 dagger Hanhua Huang,1 Joo Yun Hong,1 Carol L. Burck,1 Dagger Stephen D. Johnston,2 Judith Berman,2 Andy Carol,1 and Susan W. Liebman1 *

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607,1 and Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 551082

Received 22 January 1998/Returned for modification 16 March 1998/Accepted 16 April 1998

A screen for host mutations which increase the rate of transposition of Ty1 and Ty2 into a chromosomal target was used to identify factors influencing retroelement transposition. The fortuitous presence of a mutation in the CAC3 gene in the strain in which this screen was undertaken enabled us to discover that double mutaions of cac3 and hir3, but neither of the two single mutations, caused a dramatic increase in the rate of retrotransposition. We further showed that this effect was not due to an increase in the overall level of Ty1 mRNA. Two subtle cac3 phenotypes, slight methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) sensitivity and reduction of telomeric silencing, were significantly enhanced in the cac3 hir3 double mutant. In addition, the growth rate of the double mutant was reduced. HIR3 belongs to a class of HIR genes that regulate the transcription of histones, while Cac3p, together with Cac1p and Cac2p, forms chromatin assembly factor I. Other combinations of mutations in cac and hir genes (cac3 hir1, cac3 hir2, and cac2 hir3) also increase Ty transposition and MMS sensitivity and reduce the growth rate. A model explaining the synergistic interaction between cac and hir mutations in terms of alterations in chromatin structure is proposed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Room 4070, MBRB (m/c567), University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL 60607. Phone: (312) 996-4662. Fax: (312) 413-2691. E-mail: SUEL{at}UIC.EDU.

dagger Present address: Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.

Dagger Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.

Mol Cell Biol, August 1998, p. 4783-4792, Vol. 18, No. 8
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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