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Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 1999, p. 724-732, Vol. 19, No. 1
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Siah-1 N-Terminal RING Domain Is Required for
Proteolysis Function, and C-Terminal Sequences Regulate
Oligomerization and Binding to Target Proteins
Gang
Hu1 and
Eric R.
Fearon1,2,3,4,*
Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics,
Department of Internal Medicine,1
Department of Human Genetics,2
Department of Pathology,3 and
The Cancer Center,4 University of
Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Received 26 June 1998/Accepted 1 October 1998
The Drosophila seven in absentia (sina)
gene was initially discovered because its inactivation leads to R7
photoreceptor defects. Recent data indicate that Sina binds to the
Sevenless pathway protein Phyllopod, and together they mediate
degradation of Tramtrack, a transcriptional repressor of R7 cell fate.
Independent studies have shown that Sina and its highly related
mammalian homologues Siah-1 and Siah-2 bind to the DCC (deleted in
colorectal cancer) protein and promote its proteolysis via the
ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. To determine the roles of mammalian Siahs
in proteolysis and their interactions with target proteins, we sought
to define Siah-1 domains critical for regulation of DCC. Mutant Siah-1
proteins, harboring missense mutations in the carboxy (C)-terminal
domain analogous to those present in Drosophila sina
loss-of-function alleles, failed to promote DCC degradation. Point
mutations and deletion of the amino (N)-terminal RING finger domain of
Siah-1 abrogated its ability to promote DCC proteolysis. In the course of defining Siah-1 sequences required for DCC degradation, we found
that Siah-1 is itself rapidly degraded via the proteasome pathway, and
RING domain mutations stabilized the Siah-1 protein. Siah-1 was found
to oligomerize with itself and other Sina and Siah proteins via
C-terminal sequences. Finally, evidence that endogenous Siah-1
regulates DCC proteolysis in cells was obtained through studies of an
apparent dominant negative mutant of Siah-1, as well as via an
antisense approach. The data indicate that the Siah-1 N-terminal RING
domain is required for its proteolysis function, while the C-terminal
sequences regulate oligomerization and binding to target proteins, such
as DCC.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of
Molecular Medicine and Genetics, University of Michigan Medical Center, 4301 MSRB III, Box 0638, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI
48109-0638. Phone: (734) 764-1549. Fax: (734) 647-7979. E-mail: efearon{at}mmg.im.med.umich.edu.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 1999, p. 724-732, Vol. 19, No. 1
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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