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Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 1999, p. 764-776, Vol. 19, No. 1
Departments of
Genetics1 and
Biochemistry,2 St. Jude Children's
Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, and
Department
of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
943053
Received 14 August 1998/Returned for modification 8 September
1998/Accepted 29 September 1998
Genes encoding the Phe-Gly (FG) repeat-containing nucleoporins
NUP98 and CAN/NUP214 are at the breakpoints of several
chromosomal translocations associated with human acute myeloid leukemia
(AML), but their role in oncogenesis is unclear. Here we demonstrate that the NUP98-HOXA9 fusion gene encodes two nuclear
oncoproteins with either 19 or 37 NUP98 FG repeats fused to the DNA
binding and PBX heterodimerization domains of the transcription factor HOXA9. Both NUP98-HOXA9 chimeras transformed NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, and
this transformation required the HOXA9 domains for DNA binding and PBX
interaction. Surprisingly, the FG repeats acted as very potent
transactivators of gene transcription. This NUP98-derived activity is
essential for transformation and can be replaced by the bona fide
transactivation domain of VP16. Interestingly, FG repeat-containing
segments derived from the nucleoporins NUP153 and CAN/NUP214 functioned
similarly to those from NUP98. We further demonstrate that
transactivation by FG repeat-rich segments of NUP98 correlates with
their ability to interact functionally and physically with the
transcriptional coactivators CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300. This
finding shows, for the first time, that a translocation-generated
fusion protein appears to recruit CBP/p300 as an important step of its
oncogenic mechanism. Together, our results suggest that NUP98-HOXA9
chimeras are aberrant transcription factors that deregulate
HOX-responsive genes through the transcriptional activation properties
of nucleoporin-specific FG repeats that recruit CBP/p300. Indeed, FG
repeat-mediated transactivation may be a shared pathogenic function of
nucleoporins implicated human AML.
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
CREB Binding Protein Interacts with
Nucleoporin-Specific FG Repeats That Activate Transcription and Mediate
NUP98-HOXA9 Oncogenicity
*
Corresponding author. Present address: Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905. Phone: (507) 266-4598. Fax:
(507) 266-5201.
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