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Molecular and Cellular Biology, October 1999, p. 7203-7215, Vol. 19, No. 10
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor in Protection from Apoptosis

Francesca Peruzzi, Marco Prisco, Michael Dews, Paolo Salomoni, Emanuela Grassilli, Gaetano Romano, Bruno Calabretta, and Renato Baserga*

Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107

Received 3 March 1999/Returned for modification 27 April 1999/Accepted 15 July 1999

The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), activated by its ligands, protects several cell types from a variety of apoptotic injuries. The main signaling pathway for IGF-1R-mediated protection from apoptosis has been previously elucidated and rests on the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt/protein kinase B, and the phosphorylation and inactivation of BAD, a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins. In 32D cells (a murine hemopoietic cell line devoid of insulin receptor substrate 1 [IRS-1]), the IGF-1R activates alternative pathways for protection from apoptosis induced by withdrawal of interleukin-3. One of these pathways leads to the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, while a third pathway results in the mitochondrial translocation of Raf and depends on the integrity of a group of serines in the C terminus of the receptor that are known to interact with 14.3.3 proteins. All three pathways, however, result in BAD phosphorylation. The presence of multiple antiapoptotic pathways may explain the remarkable efficacy of the IGF-1R in protecting cells from apoptosis.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 624 Bluemle Life Sciences Building, 233 S. 10th St., Philadelphia, PA 19107. Phone: (215) 503-4507. Fax: (215) 923-0249. E-mail: r_baserga{at}lac.jci.tju.edu.


Molecular and Cellular Biology, October 1999, p. 7203-7215, Vol. 19, No. 10
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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