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Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1999, p. 7651-7660, Vol. 19, No. 11
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Differential Regulation of the Cell Wall Integrity
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Budding Yeast by the
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Ptp2 and Ptp3
Christopher P.
Mattison,
Scott S.
Spencer,
Kurt A.
Kresge,
Ji
Lee, and
Irene M.
Ota*
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215
Received 30 June 1999/Accepted 30 July 1999
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are inactivated by
dual-specificity and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in yeasts. In
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two PTPs, Ptp2 and Ptp3, inactivate the MAPKs, Hog1 and Fus3, with different specificities. To
further examine the functions and substrate specificities of Ptp2 and
Ptp3, we tested whether they could inactivate a third MAPK, Mpk1, in
the cell wall integrity pathway. In vivo and in vitro evidence
indicates that both PTPs inactivate Mpk1, but Ptp2 is the more
effective negative regulator. Multicopy expression of PTP2,
but not PTP3, suppressed growth defects due to the MEK kinase mutation, BCK1-20, and the MEK mutation,
MKK1-386, that hyperactivate this pathway. In addition,
deletion of PTP2, but not PTP3, exacerbated
growth defects due to MKK1-386. Other evidence supported a
role for Ptp3 in this pathway. Expression of MKK1-386 was
lethal in the ptp2
ptp3
strain but not in either
single PTP deletion strain. In addition, the ptp2
ptp3
strain showed higher levels of heat stress-induced
Mpk1-phosphotyrosine than the wild-type strain or strains lacking
either PTP. The PTPs also showed differences in vitro. Ptp2 was more
efficient than Ptp3 at binding and dephosphorylating Mpk1. Another
factor that may contribute to the greater effectiveness of Ptp2 is its
subcellular localization. Ptp2 is predominantly nuclear whereas Ptp3 is
cytoplasmic, suggesting that active Mpk1 is present in the nucleus.
Last, PTP2 but not PTP3 transcript increased in
response to heat shock in a Mpk1-dependent manner, suggesting that Ptp2
acts in a negative feedback loop to inactivate Mpk1.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
80309-0215. Phone: (303) 492-0528. Fax: (303) 492-5894. E-mail:
Irene.Ota{at}colorado.edu.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 1999, p. 7651-7660, Vol. 19, No. 11
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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