This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Mercurio, F.
Right arrow Articles by Manning, A. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Mercurio, F.
Right arrow Articles by Manning, A. M.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Molecular and Cellular Biology, February 1999, p. 1526-1538, Vol. 19, No. 2
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Ikappa B Kinase (IKK)-Associated Protein 1, a Common Component of the Heterogeneous IKK Complex

Frank Mercurio,1,* Brion W. Murray,1 Andrej Shevchenko,2 Brydon L. Bennett,1 David B. Young,1 Jian Wu Li,1 Gabriel Pascual,1 Aparna Motiwala,1 Hengyi Zhu,1 Matthias Mann,2 and Anthony M. Manning1

Signal Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California 92121,1 and Center for Experimental Bioinformatics, Odense University, Odense, Denmark2

Received 7 July 1998/Returned for modification 7 August 1998/Accepted 9 October 1998

Activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B is controlled by the sequential phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation of its inhibitory subunit, Ikappa B. We recently purified a large multiprotein complex, the Ikappa B kinase (IKK) signalsome, which contains two regulated Ikappa B kinases, IKK1 and IKK2, that can each phosphorylate Ikappa Balpha and Ikappa Bbeta . The IKK signalsome contains several additional proteins presumably required for the regulation of the NFkappa B signal transduction cascade in vivo. In this report, we demonstrate reconstitution of Ikappa B kinase activity in vitro by using purified recombinant IKK1 and IKK2. Recombinant IKK1 or IKK2 forms homo- or heterodimers, suggesting the possibility that similar IKK complexes exist in vivo. Indeed, in HeLa cells we identified two distinct IKK complexes, one containing IKK1-IKK2 heterodimers and the other containing IKK2 homodimers, which display differing levels of activation following tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulation. To better elucidate the nature of the IKK signalsome, we set out to identify IKK-associated proteins. To this end, we purified and cloned a novel component common to both complexes, named IKK-associated protein 1 (IKKAP1). In vitro, IKKAP1 associated specifically with IKK2 but not IKK1. Functional analyses revealed that binding to IKK2 requires sequences contained within the N-terminal domain of IKKAP1. Mutant versions of IKKAP1, which either lack the N-terminal IKK2-binding domain or contain only the IKK2-binding domain, disrupt the NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway. IKKAP1 therefore appears to mediate an essential step of the NF-kappa B signal transduction cascade. Heterogeneity of IKK complexes in vivo may provide a mechanism for differential regulation of NF-kappa B activation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Signal Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 5555 Oberlin Dr., San Diego, CA 92121. Phone: (619) 558-7500 ext. 8129. Fax: (619) 623-0870. E-mail: fmercuri{at}signalpharm.com.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, February 1999, p. 1526-1538, Vol. 19, No. 2
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Solt, L. A., Madge, L. A., May, M. J. (2009). NEMO-binding Domains of Both IKK{alpha} and IKK{beta} Regulate I{kappa}B Kinase Complex Assembly and Classical NF-{kappa}B Activation. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 27596-27608 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Abdullah, U., Cullen, P. J. (2009). The tRNA Modification Complex Elongator Regulates the Cdc42-Dependent Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway That Controls Filamentous Growth in Yeast. Eukaryot Cell 8: 1362-1372 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Huxford, T., Ghosh, G. (2009). A Structural Guide to Proteins of the NF-{kappa}B Signaling Module. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 1: a000075-a000075 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • MacPartlin, M., Zeng, S. X., Lu, H. (2008). Phosphorylation and Stabilization of TAp63{gamma} by I{kappa}B Kinase-{beta}. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 15754-15761 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bloor, S., Ryzhakov, G., Wagner, S., Butler, P. J. G., Smith, D. L., Krumbach, R., Dikic, I., Randow, F. (2008). Signal processing by its coil zipper domain activates IKK{gamma}. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 1279-1284 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Majdalawieh, A., Zhang, L., Ro, H.-S. (2007). Adipocyte Enhancer-binding Protein-1 Promotes Macrophage Inflammatory Responsiveness by Up-Regulating NF-{kappa}B via I{kappa}B{alpha} Negative Regulation. Mol. Biol. Cell 18: 930-942 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Park, S.-S., Kim, J.-M., Kim, D.-S., Kim, I.-H., Kim, S.-Y. (2006). Transglutaminase 2 Mediates Polymer Formation of I-{kappa}B{alpha} through C-terminal Glutamine Cluster. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 34965-34972 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hacker, H., Karin, M. (2006). Regulation and Function of IKK and IKK-Related Kinases. Sci Signal 2006: re13-re13 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gustin, J. A., Korgaonkar, C. K., Pincheira, R., Li, Q., Donner, D. B. (2006). Akt Regulates Basal and Induced Processing of NF-{kappa}B2 (p100) to p52. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 16473-16481 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hai, T., Yeung, M.-L., Wood, T. G., Wei, Y., Yamaoka, S., Gatalica, Z., Jeang, K.-T., Brasier, A. R. (2006). An Alternative Splice Product of I{kappa}B Kinase (IKK{gamma}), IKK{gamma}-{Delta}, Differentially Mediates Cytokine and Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax-Induced NF-{kappa}B Activation. J. Virol. 80: 4227-4241 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, Q., Engelhardt, J. F. (2006). Interleukin-1beta Induction of NF{kappa}B Is Partially Regulated by H2O2-mediated Activation of NF{kappa}B-inducing Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 1495-1505 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kray, A. E., Carter, R. S., Pennington, K. N., Gomez, R. J., Sanders, L. E., Llanes, J. M., Khan, W. N., Ballard, D. W., Wadzinski, B. E. (2005). Positive Regulation of I{kappa}B Kinase Signaling by Protein Serine/Threonine Phosphatase 2A. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 35974-35982 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gupta, S., Young, D., Sen, S. (2005). Inhibition of NF-{kappa}B induces regression of cardiac hypertrophy, independent of blood pressure control, in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 289: H20-H29 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bracken, C. P., Whitelaw, M. L., Peet, D. J. (2005). Activity of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 2{alpha} Is Regulated by Association with the NF-{kappa}B Essential Modulator. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 14240-14251 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jeong, S.-J., Pise-Masison, C. A., Radonovich, M. F., Park, H. U., Brady, J. N. (2005). A Novel NF-{kappa}B Pathway Involving IKK{beta} and p65/RelA Ser-536 Phosphorylation Results in p53 Inhibition in the Absence of NF-{kappa}B Transcriptional Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 10326-10332 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fessler, S. P., Chin, Y. R., Horwitz, M. S. (2004). Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Signal Transduction by the Adenovirus Group C RID Complex Involves Downregulation of Surface Levels of TNF Receptor 1. J. Virol. 78: 13113-13121 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • May, M. J., Larsen, S. E., Shim, J. H., Madge, L. A., Ghosh, S. (2004). A Novel Ubiquitin-like Domain in I{kappa}B Kinase {beta} Is Required for Functional Activity of the Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 45528-45539 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hayden, M. S., Ghosh, S. (2004). Signaling to NF-{kappa}B. Genes Dev. 18: 2195-2224 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Quirling, M., Page, S., Jilg, N., Plenagl, K., Peus, D., Grubmuller, C., Weingartner, M., Fischer, C., Neumeier, D., Brand, K. (2004). Detection of IKK{beta}-IKK{gamma} Subcomplexes in Monocytic Cells and Characterization of Associated Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 37452-37460 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • van Empel, V. P.M, De Windt, L. J (2004). Myocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis: a balancing act. Cardiovasc Res 63: 487-499 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sigala, J. L. D., Bottero, V., Young, D. B., Shevchenko, A., Mercurio, F., Verma, I. M. (2004). Activation of Transcription Factor NF-{kappa}B Requires ELKS, an I{kappa}B Kinase Regulatory Subunit. Science 304: 1963-1967 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ran, R., Lu, A., Zhang, L., Tang, Y., Zhu, H., Xu, H., Feng, Y., Han, C., Zhou, G., Rigby, A. C., Sharp, F. R. (2004). Hsp70 promotes TNF-mediated apoptosis by binding IKK{gamma} and impairing NF-{kappa}B survival signaling. Genes Dev. 18: 1466-1481 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tsujimura, H., Tamura, T., Kong, H. J., Nishiyama, A., Ishii, K. J., Klinman, D. M., Ozato, K. (2004). Toll-Like Receptor 9 Signaling Activates NF-{kappa}B through IFN Regulatory Factor-8/IFN Consensus Sequence Binding Protein in Dendritic Cells. J. Immunol. 172: 6820-6827 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bilyeu, J. D., Panta, G. R., Cavin, L. G., Barrett, C. M., Turner, E. J., Sweatman, T. W., Israel, M., Lothstein, L., Arsura, M. (2004). Circumvention of Nuclear Factor {kappa}B-Induced Chemoresistance by Cytoplasmic-Targeted Anthracyclines. Mol. Pharmacol. 65: 1038-1047 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Panta, G. R., Kaur, S., Cavin, L. G., Cortes, M. L., Mercurio, F., Lothstein, L., Sweatman, T. W., Israel, M., Arsura, M. (2004). ATM and the Catalytic Subunit of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Activate NF-{kappa}B through a Common MEK/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase/p90rsk Signaling Pathway in Response to Distinct Forms of DNA Damage. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 1823-1835 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Verma, U. N., Yamamoto, Y., Prajapati, S., Gaynor, R. B. (2004). Nuclear Role of I{kappa}B Kinase-{gamma}/NF-{kappa}B Essential Modulator (IKK{gamma}/NEMO) in NF-{kappa}B-dependent Gene Expression. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 3509-3515 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gustin, J. A., Ozes, O. N., Akca, H., Pincheira, R., Mayo, L. D., Li, Q., Guzman, J. R., Korgaonkar, C. K., Donner, D. B. (2004). Cell Type-specific Expression of the I{kappa}B Kinases Determines the Significance of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling to NF-{kappa}B Activation. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 1615-1620 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Prajapati, S., Verma, U., Yamamoto, Y., Kwak, Y. T., Gaynor, R. B. (2004). Protein Phosphatase 2C{beta} Association with the I{kappa}B Kinase Complex Is Involved in Regulating NF-{kappa}B Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 1739-1746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Anderson, H. D. I., Rahmutula, D., Gardner, D. G. (2004). Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Inhibits Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase Gene Promoter Activity in Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 963-969 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cohen, S., Achbert-Weiner, H., Ciechanover, A. (2004). Dual Effects of I{kappa}B Kinase {beta}-Mediated Phosphorylation on p105 Fate: SCF{beta}-TrCP-Dependent Degradation and SCF{beta}-TrCP-Independent Processing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 475-486 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Saito, N., Courtois, G., Chiba, A., Yamamoto, N., Nitta, T., Hironaka, N., Rowe, M., Yamamoto, N., Yamaoka, S. (2003). Two Carboxyl-terminal Activation Regions of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Activate NF-{kappa}B through Distinct Signaling Pathways in Fibroblast Cell Lines. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 46565-46575 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hou, S., Guan, H., Ricciardi, R. P. (2003). Phosphorylation of Serine 337 of NF-{kappa}B p50 Is Critical for DNA Binding. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 45994-45998 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tang, E. D., Wang, C.-Y., Xiong, Y., Guan, K.-L. (2003). A Role for NF-{kappa}B Essential Modifier/I{kappa}B Kinase-{gamma} (NEMO/IKK{gamma}) Ubiquitination in the Activation of the I{kappa}B Kinase Complex by Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 37297-37305 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sakurai, H., Suzuki, S., Kawasaki, N., Nakano, H., Okazaki, T., Chino, A., Doi, T., Saiki, I. (2003). Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}-induced IKK Phosphorylation of NF-{kappa}B p65 on Serine 536 Is Mediated through the TRAF2, TRAF5, and TAK1 Signaling Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 36916-36923 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Field, N., Low, W., Daniels, M., Howell, S., Daviet, L., Boshoff, C., Collins, M. (2003). KSHV vFLIP binds to IKK-{gamma} to activate IKK. J. Cell Sci. 116: 3721-3728 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wu, C., Ghosh, S. (2003). Differential Phosphorylation of the Signal-responsive Domain of I{kappa}B{alpha} and I{kappa}B{beta} by I{kappa}B Kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 31980-31987 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Carter, R. S., Pennington, K. N., Ungurait, B. J., Ballard, D. W. (2003). In Vivo Identification of Inducible Phosphoacceptors in the IKK{gamma}/NEMO Subunit of Human I{kappa}B Kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 19642-19648 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jeay, S., Pianetti, S., Kagan, H. M., Sonenshein, G. E. (2003). Lysyl Oxidase Inhibits Ras-Mediated Transformation by Preventing Activation of NF-{kappa}B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 2251-2263 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tegethoff, S., Behlke, J., Scheidereit, C. (2003). Tetrameric Oligomerization of I{kappa}B Kinase {gamma} (IKK{gamma}) Is Obligatory for IKK Complex Activity and NF-{kappa}B Activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 2029-2041 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rehman, K. K., Bertera, S., Bottino, R., Balamurugan, A. N., Mai, J. C., Mi, Z., Trucco, M., Robbins, P. D. (2003). Protection of Islets by in Situ Peptide-mediated Transduction of the Ikappa B Kinase Inhibitor Nemo-binding Domain Peptide. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 9862-9868 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vanden Berghe, T., Kalai, M., van Loo, G., Declercq, W., Vandenabeele, P. (2003). Disruption of HSP90 Function Reverts Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Necrosis to Apoptosis. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 5622-5629 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tang, F., Tang, G., Xiang, J., Dai, Q., Rosner, M. R., Lin, A. (2002). The Absence of NF-{kappa}B-Mediated Inhibition of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation Contributes to Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 8571-8579 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • May, M. J., Marienfeld, R. B., Ghosh, S. (2002). Characterization of the Ikappa B-kinase NEMO Binding Domain. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 45992-46000 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Makris, C., Roberts, J. L., Karin, M. (2002). The Carboxyl-Terminal Region of I{kappa}B Kinase {gamma} (IKK{gamma}) Is Required for Full IKK Activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 6573-6581 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Muto, A., Ruland, J., McAllister-Lucas, L. M., Lucas, P. C., Yamaoka, S., Chen, F. F., Lin, A., Mak, T. W., Nunez, G., Inohara, N. (2002). Protein Kinase C-associated Kinase (PKK) Mediates Bcl10-independent NF-kappa B Activation Induced by Phorbol Ester. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 31871-31876 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Huang, T. T., Feinberg, S. L., Suryanarayanan, S., Miyamoto, S. (2002). The Zinc Finger Domain of NEMO Is Selectively Required for NF-{kappa}B Activation by UV Radiation and Topoisomerase Inhibitors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 5813-5825 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schwabe, R. F., Brenner, D. A. (2002). Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in TNF-alpha -induced NF-kappa B activation and apoptosis in hepatocytes. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 283: G204-G211 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Prajapati, S., Gaynor, R. B. (2002). Regulation of Ikappa B Kinase (IKK)gamma /NEMO Function by IKKbeta -mediated Phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 24331-24339 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Friedman, J. M., Horwitz, M. S. (2002). Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced NF-{kappa}B Activation by the Adenovirus E3-10.4/14.5K Complex. J. Virol. 76: 5515-5521 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ren, H., Schmalstieg, A., van Oers, N. S. C., Gaynor, R. B. (2002). I-{kappa}B Kinases {alpha} and {beta} Have Distinct Roles in Regulating Murine T Cell Function. J. Immunol. 168: 3721-3731 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kishore, N., Huynh, Q. K., Mathialagan, S., Hall, T., Rouw, S., Creely, D., Lange, G., Caroll, J., Reitz, B., Donnelly, A., Boddupalli, H., Combs, R. G., Kretzmer, K., Tripp, C. S. (2002). IKK-i and TBK-1 are Enzymatically Distinct from the Homologous Enzyme IKK-2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN IKK-i, TBK-1, AND IKK-2. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 13840-13847 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gringhuis, S. I., Papendrecht-van der Voort, E. A. M., Leow, A., Levarht, E. W. N., Breedveld, F. C., Verweij, C. L. (2002). Effect of Redox Balance Alterations on Cellular Localization of LAT and Downstream T-Cell Receptor Signaling Pathways. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 400-411 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ren, H., Schmalstieg, A., Yuan, D., Gaynor, R. B. (2002). I-{kappa}B Kinase {beta} Is Critical for B Cell Proliferation and Antibody Response. J. Immunol. 168: 577-587 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lamberti, C., Lin, K.-M., Yamamoto, Y., Verma, U., Verma, I. M., Byers, S., Gaynor, R. B. (2001). Regulation of beta -Catenin Function by the Ikappa B Kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 42276-42286 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fan, J., Ye, R. D., Malik, A. B. (2001). Transcriptional mechanisms of acute lung injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 281: L1037-L1050 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Biswas, D. K., Dai, S.-C., Cruz, A., Weiser, B., Graner, E., Pardee, A. B. (2001). The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B): A potential therapeutic target for estrogen receptor negative breast cancers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073/pnas.151257998v1 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Valen, G., Yan, Z.-q., Hansson, G.o. K. (2001). Nuclear factor kappa-B and the heart. J Am Coll Cardiol 38: 307-314 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schwabe, R. F., Schnabl, B., Kweon, Y. O., Brenner, D. A. (2001). CD40 Activates NF-{{kappa}}B and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase and Enhances Chemokine Secretion on Activated Human Hepatic Stellate Cells. J. Immunol. 166: 6812-6819 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Romieu-Mourez, R., Landesman-Bollag, E., Seldin, D. C., Traish, A. M., Mercurio, F., Sonenshein, G. E. (2001). Roles of IKK Kinases and Protein Kinase CK2 in Activation of Nuclear Factor-{{kappa}}B in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 61: 3810-3818 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Purcell, N. H., Yu, C., He, D., Xiang, J., Paran, N., DiDonato, J. A., Yamaoka, S., Shaul, Y., Lin, A. (2001). Activation of NF-{kappa}B by hepatitis B virus X protein through an I{kappa}B kinase-independent mechanism. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 280: G669-G677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • King, A. E., Critchley, H. O.D., Kelly, R. W. (2001). The NF-{{kappa}}B pathway in human endometrium and first trimester decidua. Mol Hum Reprod 7: 175-183 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Khoshnan, A., Bae, D., Tindell, C. A., Nel, A. E. (2000). The Physical Association of Protein Kinase C{theta} with a Lipid Raft-Associated Inhibitor of {kappa}B Factor Kinase (IKK) Complex Plays a Role in the Activation of the NF-{kappa}B Cascade by TCR and CD28. J. Immunol. 165: 6933-6940 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Silverman, N., Zhou, R., Stöven, S., Pandey, N., Hultmark, D., Maniatis, T. (2000). A Drosophila Ikappa B kinase complex required for Relish cleavage and antibacterial immunity. Genes Dev. 14: 2461-2471 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • May, M. J., D'Acquisto, F., Madge, L. A., Glöckner, J., Pober, J. S., Ghosh, S. (2000). Selective Inhibition of NF-kappa B Activation by a Peptide That Blocks the Interaction of NEMO with the Ikappa B Kinase Complex. Science 289: 1550-1554 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sadeghi, M. M., Collinge, M., Pardi, R., Bender, J. R. (2000). Simvastatin Modulates Cytokine-Mediated Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Induction: Involvement of an Inhibitory G Protein. J. Immunol. 165: 2712-2718 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Arsura, M., Mercurio, F., Oliver, A. L., Thorgeirsson, S. S., Sonenshein, G. E. (2000). Role of the Ikappa B Kinase Complex in Oncogenic Ras- and Raf-Mediated Transformation of Rat Liver Epithelial Cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 5381-5391 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Philpott, D. J., Yamaoka, S., Israel, A., Sansonetti, P. J. (2000). Invasive Shigella flexneri Activates NF-{kappa}B Through a Lipopolysaccharide-Dependent Innate Intracellular Response and Leads to IL-8 Expression in Epithelial Cells. J. Immunol. 165: 903-914 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, Q., Estepa, G., Memet, S., Israel, A., Verma, I. M. (2000). Complete lack of NF-kappa B activity in IKK1 and IKK2 double-deficient mice: additional defect in neurulation. Genes Dev. 14: 1729-1733 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jeon, K.-I., Jeong, J.-Y., Jue, D.-M. (2000). Thiol-Reactive Metal Compounds Inhibit NF-{kappa}B Activation by Blocking I{kappa}B Kinase. J. Immunol. 164: 5981-5989 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yamamoto, Y., Yin, M.-J., Gaynor, R. B. (2000). Ikappa B Kinase alpha (IKKalpha ) Regulation of IKKbeta Kinase Activity. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 3655-3666 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Straus, D. S., Pascual, G., Li, M., Welch, J. S., Ricote, M., Hsiang, C.-H., Sengchanthalangsy, L. L., Ghosh, G., Glass, C. K. (2000). 15-Deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits multiple steps in the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 4844-4849 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • McKenzie, F. R., Connelly, M. A., Balzarano, D., Müller, J. R., Geleziunas, R., Marcu, K. B. (2000). Functional Isoforms of Ikappa B Kinase alpha (IKKalpha ) Lacking Leucine Zipper and Helix-Loop-Helix Domains Reveal that IKKalpha and IKKbeta Have Different Activation Requirements. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 2635-2649 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lin, X., O'Mahony, A., Mu, Y., Geleziunas, R., Greene, W. C. (2000). Protein Kinase C-theta Participates in NF-kappa B Activation Induced by CD3-CD28 Costimulation through Selective Activation of Ikappa B Kinase beta. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 2933-2940 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hehner, S. P., Hofmann, T. G., Ushmorov, A., Dienz, O., Wing-Lan Leung, I., Lassam, N., Scheidereit, C., Dröge, W., Schmitz, M. L. (2000). Mixed-Lineage Kinase 3 Delivers CD3/CD28-Derived Signals into the Ikappa B Kinase Complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 2556-2568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rudolph, D., Yeh, W.-C., Wakeham, A., Rudolph, B., Nallainathan, D., Potter, J., Elia, A. J., Mak, T. W. (2000). Severe liver degeneration and lack of NF-kappa B activation in NEMO/IKKgamma -deficient mice. Genes Dev. 14: 854-862 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ye, J., Xie, X., Tarassishin, L., Horwitz, M. S. (2000). Regulation of the NF-kappa B Activation Pathway by Isolated Domains of FIP3/IKKgamma , a Component of the Ikappa B-alpha Kinase Complex. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 9882-9889 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jobin, C., Sartor, R. B. (2000). The Ikappa B/NF-kappa B system: a key determinant of mucosal inflammation and protection. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 278: C451-C462 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • O'Mahony, A., Lin, X., Geleziunas, R., Greene, W. C. (2000). Activation of the Heterodimeric Ikappa B Kinase alpha (IKKalpha )-IKKbeta Complex Is Directional: IKKalpha Regulates IKKbeta under Both Basal and Stimulated Conditions. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 1170-1178 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zamanian-Daryoush, M., Mogensen, T. H., DiDonato, J. A., Williams, B. R. G. (2000). NF-kappa B Activation by Double-Stranded-RNA-Activated Protein Kinase (PKR) Is Mediated through NF-kappa B-Inducing Kinase and Ikappa B Kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 1278-1290 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, X. H., Murphy, K. M., Palka, K. T., Surabhi, R. M., Gaynor, R. B. (1999). The Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Tax Protein Regulates the Activity of the Ikappa B Kinase Complex. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 34417-34424 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Khoshnan, A., Kempiak, S. J., Bennett, B. L., Bae, D., Xu, W., Manning, A. M., June, C. H., Nel, A. E. (1999). Primary Human CD4+ T Cells Contain Heterogeneous I{kappa}B Kinase Complexes: Role in Activation of the IL-2 Promoter. J. Immunol. 163: 5444-5452 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sakurai, H., Chiba, H., Miyoshi, H., Sugita, T., Toriumi, W. (1999). Ikappa B Kinases Phosphorylate NF-kappa B p65 Subunit on Serine 536 in the Transactivation Domain. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 30353-30356 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Egan, L. J., Mays, D. C., Huntoon, C. J., Bell, M. P., Pike, M. G., Sandborn, W. J., Lipsky, J. J., McKean, D. J. (1999). Inhibition of Interleukin-1-stimulated NF-kappa B RelA/p65 Phosphorylation by Mesalamine Is Accompanied by Decreased Transcriptional Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 26448-26453 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fischer, C., Page, S., Weber, M., Eisele, T., Neumeier, D., Brand, K. (1999). Differential Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Tumor Necrosis Factor on Monocytic Ikappa B Kinase Signalsome Activation and Ikappa B Proteolysis. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 24625-24632 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Harhaj, E. W., Sun, S.-C. (1999). IKKgamma Serves as a Docking Subunit of the Ikappa B Kinase (IKK) and Mediates Interaction of IKK with the Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Tax Protein. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 22911-22914 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Elewaut, D., DiDonato, J. A., Mogg Kim, J., Truong, F., Eckmann, L., Kagnoff, M. F. (1999). NF-{kappa}B Is a Central Regulator of the Intestinal Epithelial Cell Innate Immune Response Induced by Infection with Enteroinvasive Bacteria. J. Immunol. 163: 1457-1466 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chu, Z.-L., Shin, Y.-A., Yang, J.-M., DiDonato, J. A., Ballard, D. W. (1999). IKKgamma Mediates the Interaction of Cellular Ikappa B Kinases with the Tax Transforming Protein of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 15297-15300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, Q., Lu, Q., Hwang, J. Y., Büscher, D., Lee, K.-F., Izpisua-Belmonte, J. C., Verma, I. M. (1999). IKK1-deficient mice exhibit abnormal development of skin and skeleton. Genes Dev. 13: 1322-1328 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, Q., Antwerp, D. V., Mercurio, F., Lee, K., Verma, I. M. (1999). Severe Liver Degeneration in Mice Lacking the IB Kinase 2 Gene. Science 284: 321-325 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • CAO, Z., TANAKA, M., REGNIER, C., ROTHE, M., YAMIT-HEZI, A., WORONICZ, J.D., FUENTES, M.E., DURNIN, M.H., DALRYMPLE, S.A., GOEDDEL, D.V. (1999). NF-{kappa}B Activation by Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-1. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 64: 473-484 [Abstract]  
  • DELHASE, M., KARIN, M. (1999). The I{kappa}B Kinase: A Master Regulator of NF-{kappa}B, Innate Immunity, and Epidermal Differentiation. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 64: 491-504 [Abstract]  
  • Poyet, J.-L., Srinivasula, S. M., Alnemri, E. S. (2001). vCLAP, a Caspase-recruitment Domain-containing Protein of Equine Herpesvirus-2, Persistently Activates the Ikappa B Kinases through Oligomerization of IKKgamma. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 3183-3187 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rivera-Walsh, I., Cvijic, M. E., Xiao, G., Sun, S.-C. (2000). The NF-kappa B Signaling Pathway Is Not Required for Fas Ligand Gene Induction but Mediates Protection from Activation-induced Cell Death. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 25222-25230 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kwak, Y. T., Guo, J., Shen, J., Gaynor, R. B. (2000). Analysis of Domains in the IKKalpha and IKKbeta Proteins That Regulate Their Kinase Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 14752-14759 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schwamborn, K., Weil, R., Courtois, G., Whiteside, S. T., Israel, A. (2000). Phorbol Esters and Cytokines Regulate the Expression of the NEMO-related Protein, a Molecule Involved in a NF-kappa B-independent Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 22780-22789 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Xiao, G., Harhaj, E. W., Sun, S.-C. (2000). Domain-specific Interaction with the Ikappa B Kinase (IKK) Regulatory Subunit IKKgamma Is an Essential Step in Tax-mediated Activation of IKK. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 34060-34067 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Inohara, N., Koseki, T., Lin, J., del Peso, L., Lucas, P. C., Chen, F. F., Ogura, Y., Nunez, G. (2000). An Induced Proximity Model for NF-kappa B Activation in the Nod1/RICK and RIP Signaling Pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 27823-27831 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Krappmann, D., Hatada, E. N., Tegethoff, S., Li, J., Klippel, A., Giese, K., Baeuerle, P. A., Scheidereit, C. (2000). The Ikappa B Kinase (IKK) Complex Is Tripartite and Contains IKKgamma but Not IKAP as a Regular Component. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 29779-29787 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Poyet, J.-L., Srinivasula, S. M., Lin, J.-h., Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Yamaoka, S., Tsichlis, P. N., Alnemri, E. S. (2000). Activation of the Ikappa B Kinases by RIP via IKKgamma /NEMO-mediated Oligomerization. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 37966-37977 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Li, X.-H., Fang, X., Gaynor, R. B. (2001). Role of IKKgamma /NEMO in Assembly of the Ikappa B Kinase Complex. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 4494-4500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»