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Molecular and Cellular Biology, March 1999, p. 2198-2205, Vol. 19, No. 3
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Hsp60 Is Targeted to a Cryptic Mitochondrion-Derived Organelle ("Crypton") in the Microaerophilic Protozoan Parasite Entamoeba histolytica

Zhiming Mai,1 Sudip Ghosh,1 Marta Frisardi,1 Ben Rosenthal,1 Rick Rogers,2 and John Samuelson1,*

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases1 and BioMedical Imaging Institute,2 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Received 2 October 1998/Returned for modification 22 November 1998/Accepted 1 December 1998

Entamoeba histolytica is a microaerophilic protozoan parasite in which neither mitochondria nor mitochondrion-derived organelles have been previously observed. Recently, a segment of an E. histolytica gene was identified that encoded a protein similar to the mitochondrial 60-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp60 or chaperonin 60), which refolds nuclear-encoded proteins after passage through organellar membranes. The possible function and localization of the amebic Hsp60 were explored here. Like Hsp60 of mitochondria, amebic Hsp60 RNA and protein were both strongly induced by incubating parasites at 42°C. 5' and 3' rapid amplifications of cDNA ends were used to obtain the entire E. histolytica hsp60 coding region, which predicted a 536-amino-acid Hsp60. The E. histolytica hsp60 gene protected from heat shock Escherichia coli groEL mutants, demonstrating the chaperonin function of the amebic Hsp60. The E. histolytica Hsp60, which lacked characteristic carboxy-terminal Gly-Met repeats, had a 21-amino-acid amino-terminal, organelle-targeting presequence that was cleaved in vivo. This presequence was necessary to target Hsp60 to one (and occasionally two or three) short, cylindrical organelle(s). In contrast, amebic alcohol dehydrogenase 1 and ferredoxin, which are bacteria-like enzymes, were diffusely distributed throughout the cytosol. We suggest that the Hsp60-associated, mitochondrion-derived organelle identified here be named "crypton," as its structure was previously hidden and its function is still cryptic.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115. Phone: (617) 432-4670. Fax: (617) 738-4914. E-mail: jsamuels{at}hsph.harvard.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, March 1999, p. 2198-2205, Vol. 19, No. 3
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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