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Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 1999, p. 3635-3644, Vol. 19, No. 5
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Functional and Physical Interactions between AML1 Proteins and an ETS Protein, MEF: Implications for the Pathogenesis of t(8;21)-Positive Leukemias

Shifeng Mao,1 Richard C. Frank,1,2 Jin Zhang,1 Yasushi Miyazaki,1 and Stephen D. Nimer1,2,*

Laboratory of Molecular Aspects of Hematopoiesis1 and Division of Hematologic Oncology,2 Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021

Received 23 June 1998/Returned for modification 18 August 1998/Accepted 19 February 1999

The AML1 and ETS families of transcription factors play critical roles in hematopoiesis; AML1, and its non-DNA-binding heterodimer partner CBFbeta , are essential for the development of definitive hematopoiesis in mice, whereas the absence of certain ETS proteins creates specific defects in lymphopoiesis or myelopoiesis. The promoter activities of numerous genes expressed in hematopoietic cells are regulated by AML1 proteins or ETS proteins. MEF (for myeloid ELF-1-like factor) is a recently cloned ETS family member that, like AML1B, can strongly transactivate several of these promoters, which led us to examine whether MEF functionally or physically interacts with AML1 proteins. In this study, we demonstrate direct interactions between MEF and AML1 proteins, including the AML1/ETO fusion protein, in t(8;21)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Using mutational analysis, we identified a novel ETS-interacting subdomain (EID) in the C-terminal portion of the Runt homology domain (RHD) in AML1 proteins and determined that the N-terminal region of MEF was responsible for its interaction with AML1. MEF and AML1B synergistically transactivated an interleukin 3 promoter reporter gene construct, yet the activating activity of MEF was abolished when MEF was coexpressed with AML1/ETO. The repression by AML1/ETO was independent of DNA binding but depended on its ability to interact with MEF, suggesting that AML1/ETO can repress genes not normally regulated by AML1 via protein-protein interactions. Interference with MEF function by AML1/ETO may lead to dysregulation of genes important for myeloid differentiation, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of t(8;21) AML.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Box 575, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021. Phone: (212) 639-7871. Fax: (212) 794-5849. E-mail: s-nimer{at}mskcc.org.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 1999, p. 3635-3644, Vol. 19, No. 5
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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