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Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 1999, p. 4819-4824, Vol. 19, No. 7
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of the Proto-Oncoprotein
Raf-1 Is Regulated by Raf-1 Itself and the Phosphatase Cdc25A
Kai
Xia,1,2,3
Robert S.
Lee,1
Radha P.
Narsimhan,1,3
Nishit K.
Mukhopadhyay,1
Benjamin G.
Neel,4 and
Thomas M.
Roberts1,3,*
Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute,1 Division of
HST,2 and Department of
Pathology,3 Harvard Medical School, and
Cancer Biology Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center,4 Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Received 14 October 1998/Returned for modification 19 November
1998/Accepted 15 April 1999
There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating that Raf-1 is
phosphorylated on tyrosines upon stimulation of a variety of receptors.
Although detection of Raf-1 tyrosine phosphorylation has remained
elusive, genetic analyses have demonstrated it to be important for
Raf-1 activation. Here we report new findings which indicate that Raf-1
tyrosine phosphorylation is regulated in vivo. In both a mammalian and
baculovirus expression system, a kinase-inactive allele of Raf-1
was found to be tyrosine phosphorylated at levels much greater than
that of wild-type Raf-1. The level of tyrosine phosphate on Raf-1 was
markedly increased upon treatment with phosphatase inhibitors either
before or after cell lysis. Cdc25A was found to dephosphorylate Raf-1
on tyrosines that resulted in a significant decrease in Raf-1 kinase
activity. In NIH 3T3 cells, coexpression of wild-type Raf-1 and
phosphatase-inactive Cdc25A led to a marked increase in Raf-1 tyrosine
phosphorylation in response to platelet-derived growth factor. These
data suggest that the tyrosine phosphorylation of Raf-1 is regulated
not only by itself but also by Cdc25A.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute, Smith 970, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: (617) 632-3049. Fax: (617) 632-4770. E-mail:
thomas_roberts{at}dfci.harvard.edu.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 1999, p. 4819-4824, Vol. 19, No. 7
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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