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The Myeloproliferative Sarcoma Virus Causes Transformation of Erythroid Progenitor Cells In Vitro

¹ Laboratory of Tumor Virus Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20205
² Division of Hematology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
³ The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland

ABSTRACT

The myeloproliferative sarcoma virus induces spleen focus formation in vivo and transforms fibroblasts in vitro. We showed in this study that in vitro infection of spleen or bone marrow cells from susceptible mice with the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus leads to the formation of erythroid bursts. Under optimal conditions erythroid bursts formed in the absence of added erythropoietin, but the addition of as little as 0.05 U of erythropoietin per ml to infected cultures resulted in a significant increase in numbers of erythroid bursts and the proportion of hemoglobinized cells. A comparison of the kinetics of burst formation and the size of the induced bursts with those induced with Friend virus suggested that either the mechanism of transformation of erythroid cells in vitro is different for a sarcoma virus such as the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus or the target cells for the two viruses were not the same. Density characterization and heat lability studies indicated that the increased erythroid proliferation in vitro was a virus-induced event, but the possibility that the induced erythroid burst formation is mediated via interaction with a nonerythroid target cell and subsequent release of a soluble factor cannot be ruled out.