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Molecular and Cellular Biology, June 2000, p. 3887-3895, Vol. 20, No. 11
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology,
Lundberg Laboratory, Göteborg University, S40530 Göteborg,
Sweden1; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
021153; and Departament de
Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària,
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona,2 and Cell Signaling Unit,
Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut,
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona
E-08003,4 Spain
Received 5 January 2000/Returned for modification 29 February
2000/Accepted 13 March 2000
Exposure of yeast cells to increases in extracellular osmolarity
activates the Hog1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Activation
of Hog1 MAPK results in induction of a set of osmoadaptive responses,
which allow cells to survive in high-osmolarity environments. Little is
known about how the MAPK activation results in induction of these
responses, mainly because no direct substrates for Hog1 have been
reported. We conducted a two-hybrid screening using Hog1 as a bait to
identify substrates for the MAPK, and the Rck2 protein kinase was
identified as an interactor for Hog1. Both two-hybrid analyses and
coprecipitation assays demonstrated that Hog1 binds strongly to the
C-terminal region of Rck2. Upon osmotic stress, Rck2 was phosphorylated
in vivo in a Hog1-dependent manner. Furthermore, purified Hog1 was able
to phosphorylate Rck2 when activated both in vivo and in vitro. Rck2
phosphorylation occurred specifically at Ser519, a residue located
within the C-terminal putative autoinhibitory domain. Interestingly,
phosphorylation at Ser519 by Hog1 resulted in an increase of Rck2
kinase activity. Overexpression of Rck2 partially suppressed the
osmosensitive phenotype of hog1
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Rck2 Kinase Is a Substrate for the Osmotic
Stress-Activated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Hog1
and pbs2
cells, suggesting that Rck2 is acting downstream of Hog1. Consistently,
growth arrest caused by hyperactivation of the Hog1 MAPK was abolished
by deletion of the RCK2 gene. Furthermore, overexpression
of a catalytically impaired (presumably dominant inhibitory) Rck2
kinase resulted in a decrease of osmotolerance in wild-type cells but
not in hog1
cells. Taken together, our data suggest that
Rck2 acts downstream of Hog1, controlling a subset of the responses
induced by the MAPK upon osmotic stress.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unitat de
Senyalització Cel-lular, Facultat de Ciències de la
Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/Doctor Aiguader
80, Barcelona E-08003, Spain. Phone: 34-93-542 2848. Fax: 34-93-542 2802. E-mail: francesc.posas{at}cexs.upf.es.
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