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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2000, p. 5888-5896, Vol. 20, No. 16
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Rfc5, in Cooperation with Rad24, Controls DNA Damage Checkpoints throughout the Cell Cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Takahiro Naiki, Toshiyasu Shimomura,dagger Tae Kondo, Kunihiro Matsumoto,* and Katsunori Sugimoto

Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-0814, Japan

Received 7 February 2000/Returned for modification 20 March 2000/Accepted 2 May 2000

RAD24 and RFC5 are required for DNA damage checkpoint control in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rad24 is structurally related to replication factor C (RFC) subunits and associates with RFC subunits Rfc2, Rfc3, Rfc4, and Rfc5. rad24Delta mutants are defective in all the G1-, S-, and G2/M-phase DNA damage checkpoints, whereas the rfc5-1 mutant is impaired only in the S-phase DNA damage checkpoint. Both the RFC subunits and Rad24 contain a consensus sequence for nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) binding. To determine whether the NTP-binding motif is important for Rad24 function, we mutated the conserved lysine115 residue in this motif. The rad24-K115E mutation, which changes lysine to glutamate, confers a complete loss-of-function phenotype, while the rad24-K115R mutation, which changes lysine to arginine, shows no apparent phenotype. Although neither rfc5-1 nor rad24-K115R single mutants are defective in the G1- and G2/M-phase DNA damage checkpoints, rfc5-1 rad24-K115R double mutants become defective in these checkpoints. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that Rad24K115R fails to interact with the RFC proteins in rfc5-1 mutants. Together, these results indicate that RFC5, like RAD24, functions in all the G1-, S- and G2/M-phase DNA damage checkpoints and suggest that the interaction of Rad24 with the RFC proteins is essential for DNA damage checkpoint control.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. Phone: 81-52-789-2593. Fax: 81-52-789-2589. E-mail: g44177a{at}nucc.cc.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

dagger Present address: Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2000, p. 5888-5896, Vol. 20, No. 16
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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