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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2000, p. 6105-6113, Vol. 20, No. 16
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
RhoB Alteration Is Necessary for Apoptotic and
Antineoplastic Responses to Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors
Ai-xue
Liu,1
Wei
Du,1,2
Jeh-Ping
Liu,3
Thomas M.
Jessell,3 and
George
C.
Prendergast1,2,*
The Wistar Institute,
Philadelphia,1 and Glenolden Laboratory,
DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Glenolden,2
Pennsylvania, and Department of Neurobiology, Columbia
University, New York, New York3
Received 9 March 2000/Returned for modification 18 April
2000/Accepted 17 May 2000
Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) are in clinical trials, but
how they selectively inhibit malignant cell growth remains uncertain.
One important player in this process appears to be RhoB, an endosomal
Rho protein that regulates receptor trafficking. FTI treatment
elicits a gain of the geranylgeranylated RhoB isoform (RhoB-GG) that
occurs due to modification of RhoB by geranylgeranyltransferase I in
drug-treated cells. Notably, this event is sufficient to mediate
antineoplastic effects in murine models and human carcinoma cells. To
further assess this gain-of-function mechanism and determine whether
RhoB-GG has a necessary role in drug action, we examined the FTI
response of murine fibroblasts that cannot express RhoB-GG due to
homozygous deletion of the rhoB gene. Nullizygous
(
/
) cells were susceptible to cotransformation by adenovirus E1A
plus activated H-Ras but defective in their FTI response, despite
complete inhibition of H-Ras prenylation. Actin cytoskeletal and
phenotypic events were disrupted in
/
cells, implicating RhoB-GG in
these effects. Interestingly,
/
cells were resistant to FTI-induced growth inhibition under anchorage-dependent but not
anchorage-independent conditions, indicating that, while RhoB-GG is
sufficient, it is not necessary for growth inhibition under all
conditions. In contrast,
/
cells were resistant to FTI-induced
apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Significantly, the apoptotic defect of
/
cells compromised the antitumor efficacy of FTI in xenograft
assays. This study offers genetic proof of the hypothesis that RhoB-GG
is a crucial mediator of the antineoplastic effects of FTIs.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Glenolden
Laboratory, DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Glenolden, PA 19036. Phone: (610) 237-7847. Fax: (610) 237-7937. E-mail:
george.c.prendergast{at}dupontpharma.com.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2000, p. 6105-6113, Vol. 20, No. 16
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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