A Cell Cycle-Specific Requirement for the XRCC1 BRCT II Domain during Mammalian DNA Strand Break Repair

doi:10.1128/MCB.20.2.735-740.2000

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Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2000, p. 735-740, Vol. 20, No. 2
0270-7306/0/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A Cell Cycle-Specific Requirement for the XRCC1 BRCT II Domain during Mammalian DNA Strand Break Repair

Richard M. Taylor, David J. Moore, Jenna Whitehouse, Penny Johnson, and Keith W. Caldecott^*

School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom

Received 1 June 1999/Returned for modification 20 July 1999/Accepted 13 October 1999

XRCC1 protein is essential for viability in mammals and is required for efficient DNA single-strand break repair and geneticstability following DNA base damage. We report here that XRCC1-dependentstrand break repair in G₁ phase of the cell cycle is abolishedby mutations created within the XRCC1 BRCT domain that interactwith DNA ligase III. In contrast, XRCC1-dependent DNA strand breakrepair in S phase is largely unaffected by these mutations. Thesedata describe a cell cycle-specific role for a BRCT domain, andwe conclude that the XRCC1-DNA ligase III complex is requiredfor DNA strand break repair in G₁ phase of the cell cycle butis dispensable for this process in S phase. The S-phase DNA repairprocess can remove both strand breaks induced in S phase and thosethat persist from G₁ and can in part compensate for lack of repairin G₁. This process correlates with the appearance of XRCC1 nuclearfoci that colocalize with Rad51 and may thus function in concertwith homologousrecombination.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Biological Sciences, G.38 Stopford Bldg., University of Manchester, OxfordRd., Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom. Phone: 0161 275 5311.Fax: 0161 275 5600. E-mail: keith.caldecott{at}man.ac.uk.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2000, p. 735-740, Vol. 20, No. 2
0270-7306/0/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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