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Molecular and Cellular Biology, March 2000, p. 1489-1496, Vol. 20, No. 5
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I-Induced Degradation of
Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 Is Mediated by the 26S Proteasome and
Blocked by Phosphatidylinositol 3'-Kinase Inhibition
Adrian V.
Lee,*
Jennifer L.
Gooch,
Steffi
Oesterreich,
Rebecca L.
Guler, and
Douglas
Yee§
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of
Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
78284-7884
Received 6 May 1999/Returned for modification 11 July 1999/Accepted 24 November 1999
Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a critical adapter protein
involved in both insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)
signaling. Due to the fact that alteration of IRS-1 levels can affect
the sensitivity and response to both insulin and IGF-I, we examined the
ability of each of these ligands to affect IRS-1 expression. IGF-I (10 nM) stimulation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells caused a transient
tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 that was maximal at 15 min and
decreased thereafter. The decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1
was paralleled by an apparent decrease in IRS-1 levels. The
IGF-mediated decrease in IRS-1 expression was posttranscriptional and
due to a decrease in the half-life of the IRS-1 protein. Insulin (10 nM) caused tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 but not degradation,
whereas high concentrations of insulin (10 µM) resulted in
degradation of IRS-1. IGF-I (10 nM) stimulation resulted in transient
IRS-1 phosphorylation and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)
activation. In contrast, insulin (10 nM) caused sustained IRS-1
phosphorylation and ERK activation. Inhibition of 26S proteasome
activity by the use of lactacystin or MG132 completely blocked
IGF-mediated degradation of IRS-1. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation
experiments showed an association between ubiquitin and IRS-1 that was
increased by treatment of cells with IGF-I. Finally, IGF-mediated
degradation of IRS-1 was blocked by inhibition of phosphatidylinositol
3'-kinase activity but was not affected by inhibition of ERK,
suggesting that this may represent a direct negative-feedback mechanism
resulting from downstream IRS-1 signaling. We conclude that IGF-I can
cause ligand-mediated degradation of IRS-1 via the ubiquitin-mediated
26S proteasome and a phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-dependent mechanism
and that control of degradation may have profound effects on downstream activation of signaling pathways.
*
Corresponding author. Present address: Baylor College
of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza MS:600, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 798-1624. Fax: (713) 798-1642. E-mail: avlee{at}bcm.tmc.edu.

Present address: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine,
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
78284-7884.

Present address: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
77030.
§
Present address: University of Minnesota Cancer Center,
Minneapolis, MN
55455.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, March 2000, p. 1489-1496, Vol. 20, No. 5
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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