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Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2000, p. 3157-3167, Vol. 20, No. 9
Department of Cell Biology and
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6838
Received 2 July 1999/Returned for modification 24 August
1999/Accepted 8 February 2000
Smad proteins play a key role in the intracellular signaling of the
transforming growth factor
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
STRAP and Smad7 Synergize in the Inhibition of
Transforming Growth Factor
Signaling
(TGF-
) superfamily of extracellular polypeptides that initiate signaling from the cell surface
through serine/threonine kinase receptors. A subclass of Smad proteins, including Smad6 and Smad7, has been shown to function as intracellular antagonists of TGF-
family signaling. We have previously reported the identification of a WD40 repeat protein, STRAP, that associates with both type I and type II TGF-
receptors and that is involved in
TGF-
signaling. Here we demonstrate that STRAP synergizes specifically with Smad7, but not with Smad6, in the inhibition of
TGF-
-induced transcriptional responses. STRAP does not show cooperation with a C-terminal deletion mutant of Smad7 that does not
bind with the receptor and consequently has no inhibitory activity.
STRAP associates stably with Smad7, but not with the Smad7 mutant.
STRAP recruits Smad7 to the activated type I receptor and forms a
complex. Moreover, STRAP stabilizes the association between Smad7 and
the activated receptor, thus assisting Smad7 in preventing Smad2 and
Smad3 access to the receptor. STRAP interacts with Smad2 and Smad3 but
does not cooperate functionally with these Smads to transactivate
TGF-
-dependent transcription. The C terminus of STRAP is required
for its phosphorylation in vivo, which is dependent on the TGF-
receptor kinases. Thus, we describe a mechanism to explain how STRAP
and Smad7 function synergistically to block TGF-
-induced
transcriptional activation.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Cell Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, 649 Medical Research Building II, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN. Phone: (615) 936-1782. Fax: (615) 936-1790. E-mail:
hal.moses{at}mcmail.vanderbilt.edu.
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