Molecular and Cellular Biology, June 2001, p. 3789-3806, Vol. 21, No. 11
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.11.3789-3806.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
in
Granulopoiesis
Harvard Institutes of Medicine1 and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,3 Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Immunology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan2; and Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 04305-51154
Received 6 October 2000/Returned for modification 22 November 2000/Accepted 14 March 2001
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein
(C/EBP
) is an integral factor
in the granulocytic developmental pathway, as myeloblasts from
C/EBP
-null mice exhibit an early block in differentiation. Since
mice deficient for known C/EBP
target genes do not exhibit the same
block in granulocyte maturation, we sought to identify additional
C/EBP
target genes essential for myeloid cell development. To
identify such genes, we used both representational difference analysis
and oligonucleotide array analysis with RNA derived from a
C/EBP
-inducible myeloid cell line. From each of these independent screens, we identified c-Myc as a C/EBP
negatively regulated gene.
We mapped an E2F binding site in the c-Myc promoter as the cis-acting element critical for C/EBP
negative
regulation. The identification of c-Myc as a C/EBP
target gene is
intriguing, as it has been previously shown that down-regulation of
c-Myc can induce myeloid differentiation. Here we show that stable
expression of c-Myc from an exogenous promoter not responsive to
C/EBP
-mediated down-regulation forces myeloblasts to remain in an
undifferentiated state. Therefore, C/EBP
negative regulation of
c-Myc is critical for allowing early myeloid precursors to enter a
differentiation pathway. This is the first report to demonstrate that
C/EBP
directly affects the level of c-Myc expression and, thus, the
decision of myeloid blasts to enter into the granulocytic
differentiation pathway.
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