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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2001, p. 5500-5511, Vol. 21, No. 16
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.16.5500-5511.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Negative Regulation of Protein Translation by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Interacting Kinases 1 and 2

Ursula Knauf, Claude Tschopp, and Hermann Gram*

Arthritis and Bone Metabolism, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland

Received 15 February 2001/Returned for modification 22 March 2001/Accepted 24 May 2001

Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a key component of the translational machinery and an important modulator of cell growth and proliferation. The activity of eIF4E is thought to be regulated by interaction with inhibitory binding proteins (4E-BPs) and phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-interacting kinase (MNK) on Ser209 in response to mitogens and cellular stress. Here we demonstrate that phosphorylation of eIF4E via MNK1 is mediated via the activation of either the Erk or p38 pathway. We further show that expression of active mutants of MNK1 and MNK2 in 293 cells diminishes cap-dependent translation relative to cap-independent translation in a transient reporter assay. The same effect on cap-dependent translation was observed when MNK1 was activated by the Erk or p38 pathway. In line with these findings, addition of recombinant active MNK1 to rabbit reticulocyte lysate resulted in a reduced protein synthesis in vitro, and overexpression of MNK2 caused a decreased rate of protein synthesis in 293 cells. By using CGP 57380, a novel low-molecular-weight kinase inhibitor of MNK1, we demonstrate that eIF4E phosphorylation is not crucial to the formation of the initiation complex, mitogen-stimulated increase in cap-dependent translation, and cell proliferation. Our results imply that activation of MNK by MAP kinase pathways does not constitute a positive regulatory mechanism to cap-dependent translation. Instead, we propose that the kinase activity of MNKs, eventually through phosphorylation of eIF4E, may serve to limit cap-dependent translation under physiological conditions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Novartis Pharma AG, WSJ 386.927, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Phone: 41-61-3244376. Fax: 41-61-3249457. E-mail: hermann.gram{at}pharma.novartis.com.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2001, p. 5500-5511, Vol. 21, No. 16
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.16.5500-5511.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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