Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2001, p. 562-574, Vol. 21, No. 2
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.2.562-574.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
-Catenin-Independent
Wnt-1-Responsive Gene
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 085441; Molecular Oncology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 940802; and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 100213
Received 18 May 2000/Returned for modification 27 June 2000/Accepted 28 September 2000
The Wnt/Wg signaling pathway functions during development to
regulate cell fate determination and patterning in various
organisms. Two pathways are reported to lie downstream of Wnt signaling
in vertebrates. The canonical pathway relies on the activation of target genes through the
-catenin-Lef/TCF complex, while the noncanonical pathway employs the activation of protein kinase C (PKC)
and increases in intracellular calcium to induce target gene
expression. cDNA subtractive hybridization between a cell line that
overexpresses Wnt-1 (C57MG/Wnt-1) and the parental cell line (C57MG) was performed to identify downstream target genes of Wnt-1
signaling. Among the putative Wnt-1 target genes, we have identified a
mouse homolog of the gene encoding human transcription factor basic
transcription element binding protein 2 (mBTEB2). The
mBTEB2 transcript is found at high levels in mammary tissue taken from a transgenic mouse overexpressing Wnt-1 (both
tissue prior to active proliferation and tumor tissue) but is barely detectable in wild-type mouse mammary glands. The regulation
of mBTEB2 by Wnt-1 signaling in tissue culture occurs
through a
-catenin-Lef/TCF-independent mechanism, as it is
instead partially regulated by PKC. The Wnt-1-induced, PKC-dependent
activation of mouse BTEB2 in C57MG cells, as well as the
ability of Wnt-1 to stabilize
-catenin in these cells, is consistent
with the hypothesis that both the noncanonical and canonical Wnt
pathways are activated concomitantly in the same cell. These
results suggest that mBTEB2 is a biologically relevant target of Wnt-1 signaling that is activated through a
-catenin-independent, PKC-sensitive pathway in response to Wnt-1.
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