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Molecular and Cellular Biology, April 2001, p. 2743-2754, Vol. 21, No. 8
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.8.2743-2754.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Phosphorylation
of p53 on Thr-81 Is Important for p53 Stabilization and Transcriptional
Activities in Response to Stress
Thomas
Buschmann,1
Olga
Potapova,2
Anat
Bar-Shira,3
Vladimir N.
Ivanov,1
Serge Y.
Fuchs,1,
Scott
Henderson,4
Victor A.
Fried,5
Toshinari
Minamoto,6
Dania
Alarcon-Vargas,1
Matthew R.
Pincus,7
William A.
Gaarde,8
Nikki J.
Holbrook,2
Yosef
Shiloh,3 and
Ze'ev
Ronai1,*
The Ruttenberg Cancer
Center1 and Department of Cell
Biology,4 Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New
York, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical
College, Valhalla,5 and Department of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, State University of New York Health
Science Center, Brooklyn,7 New York;
Cell Stress and Aging Section, Laboratory of Biological
Chemistry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health,
Baltimore, Maryland2; Department of
Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel
Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel3;
Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa,
Japan6; and Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc.,
Carlsbad, California8
Received 9 October 2000/Returned for modification 28 November
2000/Accepted 24 January 2001
The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a key role in the regulation
of stress-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis. Stress-induced phosphorylation of p53 tightly regulates its stability and
transcriptional activities. Mass spectrometry analysis of p53
phosphorylated in 293T cells by active Jun NH2-terminal
kinase (JNK) identified T81 as the JNK phosphorylation site. JNK
phosphorylated p53 at T81 in response to DNA damage and stress-inducing
agents, as determined by phospho-specific antibodies to T81. Unlike
wild-type p53, in response to JNK stimuli p53 mutated on T81 (T81A) did
not exhibit increased expression or concomitant activation of
transcriptional activity, growth inhibition, and apoptosis. Forced
expression of MKP5, a JNK phosphatase, in JNK kinase-expressing cells
decreased T81 phosphorylation while reducing p53 transcriptional
activity and p53-mediated apoptosis. Similarly transfection of
antisense JNK 1 and -2 decreased T81 phosphorylation in response to UV
irradiation. More than 180 human tumors have been reported to contain
p53 with mutations within the region that encompasses T81 and the JNK
binding site (amino acids 81 to 116). Our studies identify an
additional mechanism for the regulation of p53 stability and functional
activities in response to stress.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Ruttenberg
Cancer Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy
Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029-6574. Fax: (212) 849-2446. E-mail: zeev.ronai{at}mssm.edu.

Present address: Department of Animal Biology, University of
Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
19104-6046.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, April 2001, p. 2743-2754, Vol. 21, No. 8
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.8.2743-2754.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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