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Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2002, p. 343-356, Vol. 22, No. 1
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.1.343-356.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The RNA Binding Protein Nuclear Factor 90 Functions as Both a Positive and Negative Regulator of Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells

Trevor W. Reichman, Luis C. Muñiz, and Michael B. Mathews*

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07013-2714

Received 23 July 2001/ Accepted 10 September 2001

Nuclear factor 90 (NF90) was originally isolated in a complex that binds to the antigen recognition response element (ARRE-2) present in the interleukin-2 promoter. To characterize the transcriptional properties of NF90 in mammalian cells, we examined its ability to modulate promoter function in cellular transfection assays. NF90-Gal4 fusion proteins inhibited transcription from the adenovirus major late promoter in a fashion that was dependent on Gal4 targeting. Conversely, NF90 activated the cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter, to which it was not targeted. These effects required distinct but overlapping domains in the C terminus of NF90, which contains a functional nuclear localization signal and two double-stranded-RNA binding motifs. NF90 is present in cellular complexes together with the NF45 protein. Transfection assays showed that NF45 binds NF90 strongly and stimulates its ability to activate but not to inhibit gene expression. This report characterizes NF90 as both a positive and negative regulator of gene expression, depending on the promoter context, and suggests a role for NF45 as a regulator of NF90.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07013-2714. Phone: (973) 972-4411. Fax: (973) 972-5594. Email: mathews{at}umdnj.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2002, p. 343-356, Vol. 22, No. 1
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.1.343-356.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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