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Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2002, p. 3415-3424, Vol. 22, No. 10
0270-7306/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.10.3415-3424.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Hsp72 and Stress Kinase c-jun N-Terminal Kinase Regulate the Bid-Dependent Pathway in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Induced Apoptosis

Vladimir L. Gabai,1 Katsuhide Mabuchi,2 Dick D. Mosser,3 and Michael Y. Sherman1*

Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118,1 Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Watertown, Massachusetts 02472,2 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada3

Received 10 August 2001/ Returned for modification 2 October 2001/ Accepted 12 February 2002

The major inducible heat shock protein Hsp72 has been shown to protect cells from certain apoptotic stimuli. Here we investigated the mechanism of Hsp72-mediated protection from tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced apoptosis of primary culture of IMR90 human fibroblasts. Hsp72 temporarily blocked apoptosis in response to TNF and permanently protected cells from heat shock. An Hsp72 mutant (Hsp72{Delta}EEVD) with a deletion of the four C-terminal amino acids, which are essential for the chaperone function, blocked TNF-induced apoptosis in a manner similar to that of normal Hsp72 but did not inhibit heat shock-induced death. Therefore, the chaperone activity of Hsp72 is dispensable for suppression of TNF-induced apoptosis but is required for protection from heat shock. In fibroblasts derived from Bid knockout mice, similar temporal inhibition of TNF-induced apoptosis was seen. In these cells neither normal Hsp72 nor Hsp72{Delta}EEVD conferred additional protection from apoptosis, suggesting that Hsp72 specifically affects Bid-dependent but not Bid-independent apoptotic pathways. Furthermore, both normal Hsp72 and {Delta}Hsp72EEVD inhibited Bid activation and downstream events, including release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase 3, and cleavage of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase. Both Hsp72 and {Delta}Hsp72EEVD blocked activation of the stress kinase c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by TNF, and specific inhibition of JNK similarly temporarily blocked Bid activation and the downstream apoptotic events. These data strongly suggest that in TNF-induced apoptosis, Hsp72 specifically interferes with the Bid-dependent apoptotic pathway via inhibition of JNK.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118. Phone: (617) 638-5971. Fax: (617) 638-5339. E-mail: sherman{at}biochem.bumc.bu.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2002, p. 3415-3424, Vol. 22, No. 10
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.10.3415-3424.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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