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 Previous Article

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 2002, p. 7712-7720, Vol. 22, No. 21
0270-7306/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.21.7712-7720.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Sequential and Ordered Assembly of E1 Initiator Complexes on the Papillomavirus Origin of DNA Replication Generates Progressive Structural Changes Related to Melting

Grace Chen1,2 and Arne Stenlund1*

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724,1 Graduate Program in Genetics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 117942

Received 18 March 2002/ Returned for modification 17 May 2002/ Accepted 13 July 2002

Multiple binding sites for an initiator protein are a common feature of replicator sequences from various organisms. By binding to the replicator, initiators mark the site and contribute to melting or distortion of the DNA by largely unknown mechanisms. Here we analyze origin of DNA replication (ori) binding by the E1 initiator and show sequential binding to a set of overlapping binding sites. The assembly of these initiator complexes is controlled by a gradual reduction in the dependence of interactions between the initiator and DNA and a gradual increase in the reliance on interactions between initiator molecules, providing a mechanism for sequential and orderly assembly. Importantly, the binding of the initiator causes progressive structural alterations both in the sites and in the sequences flanking the sites, eventually generating severe structural alterations. These results indicate that the process of template melting may be incremental, where binding of each initiator molecule serves as a wedge that upon binding gradually alters the template structure. This mechanism may explain the requirement for multiple initiator binding sites that is observed in many ori's.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, P.O. Box 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724. Phone (516) 367-8407. Fax (516) 367-8454. E-mail: stenlund{at}cshl.org.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 2002, p. 7712-7720, Vol. 22, No. 21
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.21.7712-7720.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Lace, M. J., Anson, J. R., Turek, L. P., Haugen, T. H. (2008). Functional Mapping of the Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E1 Cistron. J. Virol. 82: 10724-10734 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sanders, C. M. (2008). A DNA-binding activity in BPV initiator protein E1 required for melting duplex ori DNA but not processive helicase activity initiated on partially single-stranded DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 36: 1891-1899 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schuck, S., Stenlund, A. (2007). ATP-Dependent Minor Groove Recognition of TA Base Pairs Is Required for Template Melting by the E1 Initiator Protein. J. Virol. 81: 3293-3302 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schuck, S., Stenlund, A. (2006). Surface mutagenesis of the bovine papillomavirus e1 DNA binding domain reveals residues required for multiple functions related to DNA replication.. J. Virol. 80: 7491-7499 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Castella, S., Bingham, G., Sanders, C. M. (2006). Common determinants in DNA melting and helicase-catalysed DNA unwinding by papillomavirus replication protein E1. Nucleic Acids Res 34: 3008-3019 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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