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Molecular and Cellular Biology, February 2002, p. 1246-1252, Vol. 22, No. 4
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.4.1246-1252.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Convergence of TOR-Nitrogen and Snf1-Glucose Signaling Pathways onto Gln3

Paula G. Bertram, Jae H. Choi, John Carvalho, Ting-Fung Chan, Wandong Ai, and X. F. Steven Zheng*

Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110

Received 28 August 2001/ Returned for modification 25 October 2001/ Accepted 13 November 2001

Carbon and nitrogen are two basic nutrient sources for cellular organisms. They supply precursors for energy metabolism and metabolic biosynthesis. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, distinct sensing and signaling pathways have been described that regulate gene expression in response to the quality of carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Gln3 is a GATA-type transcription factor of nitrogen catabolite-repressible (NCR) genes. Previous observations indicate that the quality of nitrogen sources controls the phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of Gln3 via the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein. In this study, we show that glucose also regulates Gln3 phosphorylation and subcellular localization, which is mediated by Snf1, the yeast homolog of AMP-dependent protein kinase and a cytoplasmic glucose sensor. Our data show that glucose and nitrogen signaling pathways converge onto Gln3, which may be critical for both nutrient sensing and starvation responses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Campus Box 8069, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110. Phone: (314) 747-1884. Fax: (314) 747-2797. E-mail: zheng{at}pathology.wustl.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, February 2002, p. 1246-1252, Vol. 22, No. 4
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.4.1246-1252.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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