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Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2004, p. 4522-4533, Vol. 24, No. 10
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.10.4522-4533.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Herpesvirus saimiri Small Nuclear RNAs Recruit AU-Rich Element-Binding Proteins but Do Not Alter Host AU-Rich Element-Containing mRNA Levels in Virally Transformed T Cells

Heidi L. Cook, Hannah E. Mischo, and Joan A. Steitz*

Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06536

Received 26 November 2003/ Returned for modification 30 December 2003/ Accepted 24 February 2004

Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) encodes seven Sm-class small nuclear RNAs, called HSURs (for Herpesvirus saimiri U RNAs), that are abundantly expressed in HVS-transformed, latently infected marmoset T cells but are of unknown function. HSURs 1, 2, and 5 have highly conserved 5'-end sequences containing the AUUUA pentamer characteristic of AU-rich elements (AREs) that regulate the stability of many host mRNAs, including those encoding most proto-oncogenes and cytokines. To test whether the ARE-containing HSURs act to sequester host proteins that regulate the decay of these mRNAs, we demonstrate their in vivo interaction with the ARE-binding proteins hnRNP D and HuR in HVS-transformed T cells using a new cross-linking assay. Comprehensive Northern and microarray analyses revealed, however, that the levels of endogenous ARE-containing mRNAs are not altered in T cells latently infected with HVS mutants lacking HSURs 1 and 2. HSUR 1 binds the destabilizing ARE-binding protein tristetraprolin induced following activation of HVS-transformed T cells, but even in such stimulated cells, the levels of host ARE-containing mRNAs are not altered by deletion of HSURs 1 and 2. Instead, HSUR 1 itself is degraded by an ARE-dependent pathway in HVS-transformed T cells, suggesting that HVS may take advantage of the host ARE-mediated mRNA decay pathway to regulate HSUR expression. This is the first example of posttranscriptional regulation of the expression of an Sm small nuclear RNA.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536. Phone: (203) 737-4418. Fax: (203) 624-8213. E-mail: joan.steitz{at}yale.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2004, p. 4522-4533, Vol. 24, No. 10
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.10.4522-4533.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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