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Molecular and Cellular Biology, June 2004, p. 4880-4894, Vol. 24, No. 11
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.11.4880-4894.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Amphoterin Stimulates Myogenesis and Counteracts the Antimyogenic Factors Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and S100B via RAGE Binding

Guglielmo Sorci, Francesca Riuzzi, Cataldo Arcuri, Ileana Giambanco, and Rosario Donato*

Section of Anatomy, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy

Received 26 September 2003/ Returned for modification 14 November 2003/ Accepted 3 March 2004

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a multiligand receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has been implicated in the inflammatory response, diabetic angiopathy and neuropathy, neurodegeneration, cell migration, tumor growth, neuroprotection, and neuronal differentiation. We show here that (i) RAGE is expressed in skeletal muscle tissue and its expression is developmentally regulated and (ii) RAGE engagement by amphoterin (HMGB1), a RAGE ligand, in rat L6 myoblasts results in stimulation of myogenic differentiation via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), up-regulation of myogenin and myosin heavy chain expression, and induction of muscle creatine kinase. No such effects were detected in myoblasts transfected with a RAGE mutant lacking the transducing domain or myoblasts transfected with a constitutively inactive form of the p38 MAPK upstream kinase, MAPK kinase 6, Cdc42, or Rac-1. Moreover, amphoterin counteracted the antimyogenic activity of the Ca2+-modulated protein S100B, which was reported to inhibit myogenic differentiation via inactivation of p38 MAPK, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a known inhibitor of myogenic differentiation, in a manner that was inversely related to the S100B or bFGF concentration and directly related to the extent of RAGE expression. These data suggest that RAGE and amphoterin might play an important role in myogenesis, accelerating myogenic differentiation via Cdc42-Rac-1-MAPK kinase 6-p38 MAPK.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Section of Anatomy, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto C.P. 81 Succ. 3, 06122 Perugia, Italy. Phone: 39 075 585 7453. Fax: 39 075 585 7451. E-mail: donato{at}unipg.it.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, June 2004, p. 4880-4894, Vol. 24, No. 11
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.11.4880-4894.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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