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Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2004, p. 6514-6524, Vol. 24, No. 14
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.14.6514-6524.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mcm1 Promotes Replication Initiation by Binding Specific Elements at Replication Origins

Victoria K. Chang,{dagger} Justin J. Donato, Clarence S. Chan,{ddagger} and Bik K. Tye*

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

Received 15 February 2004/ Returned for modification 29 March 2004/ Accepted 19 April 2004

Minichromosome maintenance protein 1 (Mcm1) is required for efficient replication of autonomously replicating sequence (ARS)-containing plasmids in yeast cells. Reduced DNA binding activity in the Mcm1-1 mutant protein (P97L) results in selective initiation of a subset of replication origins and causes instability of ARS-containing plasmids. This plasmid instability in the mcm1-1 mutant can be overcome for a subset of ARSs by the inclusion of flanking sequences. Previous work showed that Mcm1 binds sequences flanking the minimal functional domains of ARSs. Here, we dissected two conserved telomeric X ARSs, ARS120 (XARS6L) and ARS131a (XARS7R), that replicate with different efficiencies in the mcm1-1 mutant. We found that additional Mcm1 binding sites in the C domain of ARS120 that are missing in ARS131a are responsible for efficient replication of ARS120 in the mcm1-1 mutant. Mutating a conserved Mcm1 binding site in the C domain diminished replication efficiency in ARS120 in wild-type cells, and increasing the number of Mcm1 binding sites stimulated replication efficiency. Our results suggest that threshold occupancy of Mcm1 in the C domain of telomeric ARSs is required for efficient initiation. We propose that origin usage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae may be regulated by the occupancy of Mcm1 at replication origins.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Phone: (607) 255-2445. Fax: (607) 255-2428. E-mail: bt16{at}cornell.edu.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Physical Sciences, Kutztown University, Kutztown, PA 19530.

{ddagger} Present address: Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0162.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2004, p. 6514-6524, Vol. 24, No. 14
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.14.6514-6524.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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