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Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 2004, p. 7612-7621, Vol. 24, No. 17
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.17.7612-7621.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mrp4 Confers Resistance to Topotecan and Protects the Brain from Chemotherapy

Markos Leggas,1 Masashi Adachi,1 George L. Scheffer,2 Daxi Sun,1 Peter Wielinga,3 Guoqing Du,1 Kelly E. Mercer,1 Yanli Zhuang,1 John C. Panetta,1 Brad Johnston,1 Rik J. Scheper,2 Clinton F. Stewart,1 and John D. Schuetz1*

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee,1 Department of Pathology, VU Medical Center,2 Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands3

Received 6 April 2004/ Returned for modification 29 May 2004/ Accepted 12 June 2004

The role of the multidrug resistance protein MRP4/ABCC4 in vivo remains undefined. To explore this role, we generated Mrp4-deficient mice. Unexpectedly, these mice showed enhanced accumulation of the anticancer agent topotecan in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Further studies demonstrated that topotecan was an Mrp4 substrate and that cells overexpressing Mrp4 were resistant to its cytotoxic effects. We then used new antibodies to discover that Mrp4 is unique among the anionic ATP-dependent transporters in its dual localization at the basolateral membrane of the choroid plexus epithelium and in the apical membrane of the endothelial cells of the brain capillaries. Microdialysis sampling of ventricular CSF demonstrated that localization of Mrp4 at the choroid epithelium is integral to its function in limiting drug penetration into the CSF. The topotecan resistance of cells overexpressing Mrp4 and the polarized expression of Mrp4 in the choroid plexus and brain capillary endothelial cells indicate that Mrp4 has a dual role in protecting the brain from cytotoxins and suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of central nervous system-directed drugs that are Mrp4 substrates may be improved by developing Mrp4 inhibitors.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105-2794. Phone: (901) 495-2174. Fax: (901) 525-6869. E-mail: John.schuetz{at}stjude.org.


Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 2004, p. 7612-7621, Vol. 24, No. 17
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.17.7612-7621.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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