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Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2004, p. 765-773, Vol. 24, No. 2
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.2.765-773.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Negative Regulation of Histone Deacetylase 8 Activity by Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A

Heehyoung Lee, Natalie Rezai-Zadeh, and Edward Seto*

H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612

Received 13 August 2003/ Returned for modification 23 September 2003/ Accepted 14 October 2003

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues of histone and nonhistone proteins. Recent studies suggest that they are key regulators of many cellular events, including cell proliferation and cancer development. Human class I HDACs possess homology to the yeast RPD3 protein and include HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC8. While HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3 have been characterized extensively, almost nothing is known about HDAC8. Here we report that HDAC8 is phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) in vitro and in vivo. The PKA phosphoacceptor site of HDAC8 is Ser39, a nonconserved residue among class I HDACs. Mutation of Ser39 to Ala enhances the deacetylase activity of HDAC8. In contrast, mutation of Ser39 to Glu or induction of HDAC8 phosphorylation by forskolin, a potent activator of adenyl cyclase, decreases HDAC8's enzymatic activity. Remarkably, inhibition of HDAC8 activity by hyperphosphorylation leads to hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4, suggesting that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of HDAC8 plays a central role in the overall acetylation status of histones.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL 33612. Phone: (813) 979-6754. Fax (813) 979-7264. E-mail: setoe{at}moffitt.usf.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, January 2004, p. 765-773, Vol. 24, No. 2
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.2.765-773.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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