Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2005, p. 5317-5328, Vol. 25, No. 13
0270-7306/05/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/MCB.25.13.5317-5328.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Transcription: Ligand-Dependent Recruitment of Estrogen Receptor
to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-Dioxin-Responsive Promoters
Jason Matthews,1*,
Björn Wihlén,1,
Jane Thomsen,1 and
Jan-Åke Gustafsson1,2
Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Novum S-14157,1
Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Novum S-14186, Huddinge Sweden2
Received 1 September 2004/
Returned for modification 30 November 2004/
Accepted 21 March 2005
Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we studied the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-mediated recruitment of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and several coregulators to the CYP1A1 promoter. AhR displayed a time-dependent recruitment, reaching a peak at 75 min and maintaining promoter occupancy for the remainder of the time course. Recruitment of AhR was followed by TIF2/SRC2, which preceded CBP, histone H3 acetylation, and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Simultaneous recruitment to the enhancer and the TATA box region suggests the formation of a large multiprotein complex bridging the two promoter regions. Interestingly, estrogen receptor
(ER
) displayed a TCDD- and time-dependent recruitment to the CYP1A1 promoter, which was increased by cotreatment with estradiol. Transfection in HuH7 human liver cells confirmed previously reported ER
enhancement of AhR activity. In contrast, TCDD did not induce the recruitment of ER
to the estrogen-responsive pS2 promoter, and after 120 min of cotreatment with estradiol, ER
is still present on the CYP1A1 promoter but no longer at pS2. RNA interference studies with T47D cells support a role for ER
in TCDD-dependent CYP1A1 expression. Our data suggest that ER
acts as a coregulator of AhR-mediated transcriptional activation and that the recruitment of ER
by AhR represents a novel mechanism AhR-ER
cross talk.
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden. Phone: 46-8-6083339. Fax: 46-8-7745538. E-mail: jason.matthews{at}biosci.ki.se.
J.M. and B.W. contributed equally to this work.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2005, p. 5317-5328, Vol. 25, No. 13
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/MCB.25.13.5317-5328.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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Copyright © 2005 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.